{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T05:15:33Z","timestamp":1789103733982,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japanese Society for Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad","award":["DP180102813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP180102813"]}]},{"name":"Japanese Society for Promotion of Science Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad","award":["APP1135974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1135974"]}]},{"name":"Mishima Kaiun research grant","award":["DP180102813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP180102813"]}]},{"name":"Mishima Kaiun research grant","award":["APP1135974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1135974"]}]},{"name":"Yamada science foundation support for long-term international visits","award":["DP180102813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP180102813"]}]},{"name":"Yamada science foundation support for long-term international visits","award":["APP1135974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1135974"]}]},{"name":"Ajinomoto Innovation Alliance Program","award":["DP180102813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP180102813"]}]},{"name":"Ajinomoto Innovation Alliance Program","award":["APP1135974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1135974"]}]},{"name":"Australian Research Council","award":["DP180102813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP180102813"]}]},{"name":"Australian Research Council","award":["APP1135974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1135974"]}]},{"name":"NHMRC of Australia","award":["DP180102813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP180102813"]}]},{"name":"NHMRC of Australia","award":["APP1135974"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1135974"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mechanosensory transduction in Corynebacterium glutamicum plays a major role in glutamate efflux for industrial MSG, whose production depends on the activation of MscCG-type mechanosensitive channels. Dependence of the MscCG channel activation by membrane tension on the membrane lipid content has to date not been functionally characterized. Here, we report the MscCG channel patch clamp recording from liposomes fused with C. glutamicum membrane vesicles as well as from proteoliposomes containing the purified MscCG protein. Our recordings demonstrate that mechanosensitivity of MscCG channels depends significantly on the presence of negatively charged lipids in the proteoliposomes. MscCG channels in liposome preparations fused with native membrane vesicles exhibited the activation threshold similar to the channels recorded from C. glutamicum giant spheroplasts. In comparison, the activation threshold of the MscCG channels reconstituted into azolectin liposomes was higher than the activation threshold of E. coli MscL, which is gated by membrane tension close to the bilayer lytic tension. The spheroplast-like activation threshold was restored when the MscCG channels were reconstituted into liposomes made of E. coli polar lipid extract. In liposomes made of polar lipids mixed with synthetic phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin, the activation threshold of MscCG was significantly reduced compared to the activation threshold recorded in azolectin liposomes, which suggests the importance of anionic lipids for the channel mechanosensitivity. Moreover, the micropipette aspiration technique combined with patch fluorometry demonstrated that membranes containing anionic phosphatidylglycerol are softer than membranes containing only polar non-anionic phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. The difference in mechanosensitivity between C. glutamicum MscCG and canonical MscS of E. coli observed in proteoliposomes explains the evolutionary tuning of the force from lipids sensing in various bacterial membrane environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11010194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T03:11:02Z","timestamp":1673493062000},"page":"194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["\u201cForce-From-Lipids\u201d Dependence of the MscCG Mechanosensitive Channel Gating on Anionic Membranes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6797-5556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent\u2019s Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul R.","family":"Rohde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8422-7082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boris","family":"Martinac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney 2010, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent\u2019s Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2010, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03896","article-title":"A possible unifying principle for mechanosensation","volume":"436","author":"Kung","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2933-1","article-title":"Discoveries in structure and physiology of mechanically activated ion channels","volume":"587","author":"Kefauver","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martinac, B., and Cox, C.D. 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