{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:00:31Z","timestamp":1791406831886,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,14]],"date-time":"2023-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Enterobacteriaceae represent one of the main families of Gram-negative bacilli responsible for serious urinary tract infections (UTIs). The present study aimed to define the resistance profile and the virulence of Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated in urinary tract infections in Benin. A total of 390 urine samples were collected from patients with UTIs, and Enterobacteriaceae strains were isolated according to standard microbiology methods. The API 20E gallery was used for biochemical identification. All the isolated strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disc diffusion method. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was investigated using a double-disc synergy test (DDST), and biofilm production was quantified using the microplate method. Multiplex PCR was used to detect uro-virulence genes, namely: PapG, IronB, Sfa, iucD, Hly, FocG, Sat, FyuA and Cnf, using commercially designed primers. More than 26% (103\/390) of our samples were contaminated by Enterobacteriaceae strains at different levels. Thus, E. coli (31.07%, 32\/103), Serratia marcescens (11.65%, 12\/103), Klebsiella ornithinolytica (8.74%, 9\/103), Serratia fonticola (7.77%, 8\/103) and Enterobacter\u00a0cloacae (6.80%, 7\/103) were identified. Among the isolated strains, 39.81% (41\/103) were biofilm-forming, while 5.83% (6\/103) were ESBL-producing. Isolates were most resistant to erythromycin, cefixime, ceftriaxone and ampicillin (\u226590%) followed by ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, doxycycline and levofloxacin (\u226550%), and least resistant to imipenem (27.18%). In regard to virulence genes, Sfa was the most detected (28.15%), followed by IronB (22.23%), iucD (21.36%), Cnf (15.53%), PapG (9.71%), FocG (8.74%), Sat (6.79%), FyuA (5.82%) and Hyl (2.91%). These data may help improve the diagnosis of uropathogenic strains of Enterobacteriaceae, but also in designing effective strategies and measures for the prevention and management of severe, recurrent, or complicated urinary tract infections in Benin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11010213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T03:10:34Z","timestamp":1673838634000},"page":"213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Susceptibility and Virulence of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Benin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Funk\u00e8 F.","family":"Assouma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi 05 BP 1604, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8630-3798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haziz","family":"Sina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi 05 BP 1604, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomabu","family":"Adjobimey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi 05 BP 1604, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3920-2019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agossou Damien Pac\u00f4me","family":"Noumavo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi 05 BP 1604, Benin"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Food Technologies, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 04 BP 1107, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akim","family":"Socohou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi 05 BP 1604, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bawa","family":"Boya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi 05 BP 1604, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ange D.","family":"Dossou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Benin Ministry of Heath, Cotonou 01 BP 363, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauriane","family":"Akpovo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi 05 BP 1604, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7748-1717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basile Boni Saka","family":"Konmy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi 05 BP 1604, Benin"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, International University of Libreville, ESSASSA-Libreville Campus, Essassa BP 20411, Gabon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques F.","family":"Mavoungou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, International University of Libreville, ESSASSA-Libreville Campus, Essassa BP 20411, Gabon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adolphe","family":"Adjanohoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Agronomic Research Institute of Benin, Cotonou 01 BP 884, Benin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8160-5954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lamine","family":"Baba-Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and 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