{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T18:39:15Z","timestamp":1778870355665,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FONDAZIONE DI SARDEGNA","award":["CRP\/BRA20-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRP\/BRA20-03"]}]},{"name":"FONDAZIONE DI SARDEGNA","award":["RP12117A7670A1E8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP12117A7670A1E8"]}]},{"name":"PON \u201cRicerca e Innovazione\u201d","award":["CRP\/BRA20-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRP\/BRA20-03"]}]},{"name":"PON \u201cRicerca e Innovazione\u201d","award":["RP12117A7670A1E8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP12117A7670A1E8"]}]},{"name":"CRP\u2014ICGEB","award":["CRP\/BRA20-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRP\/BRA20-03"]}]},{"name":"CRP\u2014ICGEB","award":["RP12117A7670A1E8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP12117A7670A1E8"]}]},{"name":"Sapienza","award":["CRP\/BRA20-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRP\/BRA20-03"]}]},{"name":"Sapienza","award":["RP12117A7670A1E8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP12117A7670A1E8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since the beginning of the pandemic, the generation of new variants periodically recurs. The XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2 variant is one of the most recent. This research was aimed at verifying the potential hazard of this new subvariant. To achieve this objective, we performed a genome-based integrative approach, integrating results from genetic variability\/phylodynamics with structural and immunoinformatic analyses to obtain as comprehensive a viewpoint as possible. The Bayesian Skyline Plot (BSP) shows that the viral population size reached the plateau phase on 24 November 2022, and the number of lineages peaked at the same time. The evolutionary rate is relatively low, amounting to 6.9 \u00d7 10\u22124 subs\/sites\/years. The NTD domain is identical for XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 whereas their RBDs only differ for the mutations at position 486, where the Phe (in the original Wuhan) is replaced by a Ser in XBB and XBB.1, and by a Pro in XBB.1.5. The variant XBB.1.5 seems to spread more slowly than sub-variants that have caused concerns in 2022. The multidisciplinary molecular in-depth analyses on XBB.1.5 performed here does not provide evidence for a particularly high risk of viral expansion. Results indicate that XBB.1.5 does not possess features to become a new, global, public health threat. As of now, in its current molecular make-up, XBB.1.5 does not represent the most dangerous variant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11040912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T11:32:28Z","timestamp":1680262348000},"page":"912","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Molecular In-Depth on the Epidemiological Expansion of SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3501-714X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Scarpa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilenia","family":"Azzena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Locci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5042-4851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Casu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6190-612X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pier Luigi","family":"Fiori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"},{"name":"Azienza Ospedaliera Universitaria (AOU) Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Ciccozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Angeletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Laboratory Science, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Laboratory, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Imperia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5849-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Giovanetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Rene Rachou, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-009, Minas Gerais, Brazil"},{"name":"Science and Technology for Sustainable Development and One Health, University of Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8377-9950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonello","family":"Maruotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department GEPLI, Libera Universit\u00e0 Ss Maria Assunta, 00193 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5401-135X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra","family":"Borsetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National HIV\/AIDS Research Center, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Cauda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Malattie Infettive, Infectious Disease Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Cassone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Genomic, Genetic and Biology, 53100 Siena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allegra","family":"Via","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemical Sciences \u201cA. 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