{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T03:56:04Z","timestamp":1782878164653,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,9]],"date-time":"2023-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University Scientific Research Coordination Unit","award":["2019.KB.FEN.014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019.KB.FEN.014"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antibiofilm activities and the biochemical composition of Achillea fraasii. The antimicrobial activity of A. fraasii ethanol extract (AFEt) was tested against 48 strains, and this is the first study testing the antimicrobial activity of this plant to this extent. The antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH assay, and the antibiofilm activity of A. fraasii aqueous extract (AFAq) against five strains was assessed. The chemical composition of the plant extract was determined using GC-MS with artemisia ketone (19.41%) as the main component. The findings indicated that AFEt displayed antimicrobial activity against 38 strains, with a particular efficacy observed against various Staphylococcus aureus strains, such as S. aureus ATCC 25923, clinically isolated, multidrug resistant (MDR), and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) strains. In addition, the highest activity was observed against Enterococcus faecium. Moreover, the extract demonstrated activity against Candida strains. The plant extract also showed relatively good antioxidant activity compared to ascorbic acid, with an EC50 value of 55.52 \u00b5g\/mL. However, AFAq acted as a biofilm activator against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, increasing the biofilm formation by 2.63-fold. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the potential of A. fraasii as a source of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11040978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,10]],"date-time":"2023-04-10T05:57:50Z","timestamp":1681106270000},"page":"978","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Biological Activities and Biochemical Composition of Endemic Achillea fraasii"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3434-0623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yagmur","family":"Tunca-Pinarli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University, Izmir 35390, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6726-5968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atakan","family":"Benek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37150, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8485-0488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilay","family":"Turu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University, Izmir 35390, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5556-4880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa Eray","family":"Bozyel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, \u00c7anakkale Onsekiz Mart University, \u00c7anakkale 17020, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerem","family":"Canli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University, Izmir 35390, T\u00fcrkiye"},{"name":"Fauna and Flora Research and Application Center, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl University, Izmir 35390, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5351-8071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ergin Murat","family":"Altuner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu 37150, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705814","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1705814","article-title":"The role of bacterial biofilm in antibiotic resistance and food contamination","volume":"2020","author":"Abebe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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