{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T20:05:16Z","timestamp":1773432316500,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In Germany, Saxony is the only federal state where the detection of a Panton\u2013Valentine Leukocidin (PVL)-positive Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has to be notified to the local health authority (LHA). The LHA reports the case to the state health authority and introduces concrete infection control measures. We analyzed isolates from the respective cases in 2019, which were collected in local microbiological laboratories and sent to the National Reference Centre (NRC) for Staphylococci and Enterococci for strain characterization and typing. Antibiotic resistance testing was done by broth microdilution. Molecular characterization was performed using spa and SCCmec typing, MLST, and the PCR detection of marker genes associated with distinct MRSA lineages. Demographic and clinical data of the individual cases were assessed and the LHA performed epidemiological investigations. Thirty-nine (index) persons, diagnosed with a PVL-positive MRSA, were initially reported to the LHA. Most patients suffered from skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTI). For 21 of the index cases, household contacts were screened for MRSA. Seventeen out of 62 contacts were also colonized with a PVL-positive MRSA. The median age of altogether 58 individuals was 23.5 years. In over half of the cases, the home country was not Germany and\/or a history of travel or migration was reported. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of various epidemic community-associated MRSA lineages, with \u201cUSA300\u201d, including the North American Epidemic (ST8-MRSA-IVa) and the South American Epidemic Clone (ST8-MRSA-IVc), the \u201cSri Lankan Clone\u201d (ST5-MRSA-IVc), and the \u201cBengal Bay Clone\u201d (ST772-MRSA-V) being more prevalent. In eight out of nine households, the contact persons were colonized with the same clone as the respective index case, suggesting a close epidemic and microbiological link. The obligation to report PVL-positive MRSA enables us to detect the occurrence of PVL-producing MRSA and its spread in the population as early as possible. Timely detection allows the targeted deployment of reliable anti-infective measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11061437","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T02:04:21Z","timestamp":1685412261000},"page":"1437","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Mandatory Notification of Panton\u2013Valentine Leukocidin-Positive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Saxony, Germany: Analysis of Cases from the City of Leipzig in 2019"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Utta","family":"Helbig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Local Health Authority City of Leipzig, Rohrteichstra\u00dfe 16-20, 04347 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Constance","family":"Riemschneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Local Health Authority City of Leipzig, Rohrteichstra\u00dfe 16-20, 04347 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Werner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Centre for Staphylococci and Enterococci, Division of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistances, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch-Institute, Wernigerode Branch, Burgstra\u00dfe 37, 38855 Wernigerode, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Kriebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Centre for Staphylococci and Enterococci, Division of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistances, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch-Institute, Wernigerode Branch, Burgstra\u00dfe 37, 38855 Wernigerode, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4613-6478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franziska","family":"Layer-Nicolaou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Centre for Staphylococci and Enterococci, Division of Nosocomial Pathogens and Antimicrobial Resistances, Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch-Institute, Wernigerode Branch, Burgstra\u00dfe 37, 38855 Wernigerode, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"19688","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Burden of disease and control challenges in Europe","volume":"15","author":"Becker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0147-4","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An overview of basic and clinical research","volume":"17","author":"Turner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. 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