{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:21:00Z","timestamp":1760149260540,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"implementation of a scientific topic","award":["122041800133-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["122041800133-9"]}]},{"name":"framework of State Assignment to Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology","award":["122041800133-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["122041800133-9"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The phenomenon of pathogen co-infection detected in a half-fed Ixodes persulcatus tick taken from a human in the south of the Far East was studied. Research was carried out on PEK, Vero, and Vero-E6 cell lines, outbred mice, and chicken embryos using ELISA, PCR, IMFA, plaque formation, and electron microscopy. The tick contained an antigen and a genetic marker of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). The patient had post-vaccination antibodies in a titer of 1:200, as a result of which, obviously, an antibody-dependent elimination of TBEV occurred. The tick-borne co-isolate also contained an unknown pathogen (Kiparis-144 virus), which, in our opinion, was a trigger for the activation of chronic infection in suckling white mice. In the laboratory co-isolate, ectromelia virus was present, as evidenced by paw edema during the intradermal infection of mice, characteristic rashes on the chorioallantoic envelope of chicken embryos, and typical plaques on Vero-E6. The Kiparis-144 virus was not pathogenic for white mice and chicken embryos, but it successfully multiplied in the PEK, Vero, and Vero-E6 lines. Viral co-infection was confirmed by electron microscopy. Passaging on mice contributed to an increase in the virulence of the co-isolate, whose titer increased by 10,000 times by the fifth passage, which poses an epidemiological danger.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11071791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T00:50:41Z","timestamp":1689123041000},"page":"1791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Study of Viral Coinfection of the Ixodes persulcatus Ticks Feeding on Humans in a Natural Focus of the South of the Far East"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6387-1127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Galina N.","family":"Leonova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Rospotrebnadzor, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larisa M.","family":"Somova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Rospotrebnadzor, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svetlana A.","family":"Abramova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Rospotrebnadzor, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evgeniy V.","family":"Pustovalov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"G.P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Rospotrebnadzor, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Information and Computer Systems, Far Eastern Federal University, 690922 Vladivostok, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bratuleanu, B.E., Raileanu, C., Chr\u00e9tien, D., Guardado-Calvo, P., Bigot, T., Savuta, G., Temmam, S., and Eloit, M. (2023). A Search for Tick-Associated, Bronnoya-like Virus Spillover into Sheep. Microorganisms, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11010209"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10870","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11439-y","article-title":"Holmes Characterizing the virome of Ixodes ricinus ticks from northern Europe","volume":"7","author":"Pettersson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. 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