{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:56:55Z","timestamp":1791568615503,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection (Marseille, France)","award":["ANR-10-IAHU-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAHU-03"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"French National Research Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-10-IAHU-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-IAHU-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a serious global problem, causing disease, suffering, and death. Although bacterial vaginosis (BV) is not considered to be an STI, it may be associated with an increased risk of contracting a wide range of STIs. We sought to assess the link between the different microorganisms involved in STIs and BV. A total of 290 vaginal swabs from 290 women sent for diagnostic purposes to the clinical microbiology laboratory of the Marseille University Public Hospitals were tested by specific qPCR targeting STI-causing microorganisms and BV. Of these 290 swabs, 15.2% (44\/290) were diagnosed with at least one STI-causing microorganism and 17.2% (50\/290) with BV. The prevalence of STIs was significantly higher in women with BV (28%, 14\/50) than in those without (20.4%, 51\/240). The prevalence of co-infections involving two STI-causing microorganisms was significantly more frequent in women with BV than in those without (18% [8\/50] vs. 2% [5\/250]; p &lt; 0.001). The prevalence of monoinfections and polyinfections with STI-causing microorganisms was lower in women without BV than in those with (8.8% [21\/240] vs. 28% [14\/50]), p &lt; 0.001 and 2% (5\/240) vs. 8% (4\/50), p = 0.05, respectively). Our data suggest that a correlation between BV and STI may exist, with a higher prevalence of both monoinfections and polyinfections involving STI-causing microorganisms in women with BV. Further research is needed to better understand BV and its links to STIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11102470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T16:58:09Z","timestamp":1696179489000},"page":"2470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Relationship between Bacterial Vaginosis and Sexually Transmitted Infections: Coincidence, Consequence or Co-Transmission?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Linda","family":"Abou Chacra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus Sant\u00e9 Timone, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus Sant\u00e9 Timone, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alissa","family":"Hammoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Campus Sant\u00e9 Timone, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rim","family":"Iwaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Campus Sant\u00e9 Timone, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6039-2008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oleg","family":"Mediannikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Campus Sant\u00e9 Timone, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Bretelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus Sant\u00e9 Timone, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Gyn\u00e9pole, La Conception, AP-HM, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Fenollar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Campus Sant\u00e9 Timone, Aix-Marseille University, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, 13005 Marseille, France"},{"name":"IHU-M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2021.105172","article-title":"Exploring the global vaginal microbiome and its impact on human health","volume":"160","author":"Fenollar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microb. 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