{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T12:22:08Z","timestamp":1768825328371,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Hospital Universitari Vall Hebron\u2014Institut de Recerca"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mycobacterium abscessus complex infections are ever on the rise. To curb their increasing evolution, we performed an in-depth study of 43 clinical isolates of cystic fibrosis patients obtained from 2009 to 2020. We identified their subspecies, uncovered their genotypic resistance profiles, characterised their antibiotic-resistant genes, and assessed their phenotypic antibiotic susceptibilities. The phenotypic and genotypic methods showed total agreement in terms of resistance to clarithromycin and amikacin. Of the 43 clinical strains, 28 belonged to M. abscessus subsp. abscessus (65.1%), 13 to M. abscessus subsp. massiliense (30.2%), and 2 to M. abscessus subsp. bolletii (4.6%). The resistant rates for clarithromycin and amikacin, the two main drugs against M. abscessus complex pulmonary infections, were 64.2% and 14.2%, respectively. We found three strains of M. abscessus subsp. abscessus that showed heteroresistance in the rrl and rrs genes, and these strains also presented double-resistance since they were macrolide- and aminoglycoside-resistant. M. abscessus subsp. abscessus showed a high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and a resistant percentage larger than or equal to 88% to cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, doxycycline, imipenem, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. These results show a panorama of the high resistance of Mycobacterium abscessus complex to current drugs for cystic fibrosis patients. Thus, other treatment methods are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11122897","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T04:12:56Z","timestamp":1701403976000},"page":"2897","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Analysis of Phenotypic and Genotypic Susceptibility to Clarithromycin and Amikacin of Mycobacterium abscessus Complex Strains Isolated from Cystic Fibrosis Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Cao Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Navas M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9188-298X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Teresa","family":"T\u00f3rtola Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria Unit, Clinical Laboratories, Microbiology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona; 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7599.2004.tb00426.x","article-title":"Assessing Ethnicity in Preconception Counseling: Genetics\u2014What Nurse Practitioners Need to Know","volume":"16","author":"Edwards","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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