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University","award":["32330100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32330100"]}]},{"name":"2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["201913043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201913043"]}]},{"name":"2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["CARS-35"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-35"]}]},{"name":"2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["6232024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6232024"]}]},{"name":"2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University","award":["1041-00109011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1041-00109011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fermentation of dietary fiber (DF) is beneficial for gut health, but its prebiotic effects are often impeded in the distal large intestine because of the fast degradation of fermentable substrates. One way to enhance the prebiotic effect of DF is to deliver fibers to the lower parts of the gut, which can be achieved by mixing different kinds of fiber. Therefore, in the present study, an ileum-cannulated pig model was employed to investigate the fermentation influence in the large intestine by infusing resistant starch solely (RS, fast fermentable fiber) and mixing with other fibers (xylan or cellulose). Twenty-four ileum-cannulated growing pigs were divided into four groups: one control group receiving saline ileal infusions and three experimental groups infused with RS, RS with xylan, or RS with cellulose. Fecal and plasma samples were analyzed for gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and blood biochemistry. Results indicated no significant differences between the RS and control group for the microbiome and SCFA concentration (p &gt; 0.05). However, RS combined with fibers, particularly xylan, resulted in enhanced and prolonged fermentation, marked by an increase in Blautia and higher lactate and acetate production (p &lt; 0.05). In contrast, RS with cellulose infusion enriched bacterial diversity in feces (p &lt; 0.05). Blood biochemistry parameters showed no significant differences across groups (p &gt; 0.05), though a trend of increased glucose levels was noted in the treatment groups (p &lt; 0.1). Overall, RS alone had a limited impact on the distal hindgut microbiota due to rapid fermentation in the proximal gut, whereas combining RS with other fibers notably improved gut microecology by extending the fermentation process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12020356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T08:12:03Z","timestamp":1707466323000},"page":"356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of Resistant Starch Infusion, Solely and Mixed with Xylan or Cellulose, on Gut Microbiota Composition in Ileum-Cannulated Pigs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0239-1140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaowen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"},{"name":"Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"},{"name":"Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"},{"name":"Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dandan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinbiao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9427-3824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Defa","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.05.012","article-title":"The Impact of Dietary Fiber on Gut Microbiota in Host Health and Disease","volume":"23","author":"Makki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-020-00375-4","article-title":"Dietary fibre in gastrointestinal health and disease","volume":"18","author":"Gill","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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