{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:44:39Z","timestamp":1790689479393,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Guangdong Province","award":["2022-440000-43010101-9501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-440000-43010101-9501"]}]},{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Guangdong Province","award":["32002148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32002148"]}]},{"name":"Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Guangdong Province","award":["2021A1515010770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515010770"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022-440000-43010101-9501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-440000-43010101-9501"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32002148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32002148"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2021A1515010770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515010770"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2022-440000-43010101-9501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-440000-43010101-9501"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["32002148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32002148"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation","award":["2021A1515010770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515010770"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>African swine fever virus (ASFV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infections lead to severe respiratory diseases in pigs, resulting in significant economic losses for the global swine industry. While numerous studies have focused on specific gene functions or pathway activities during infection, an investigation of shared immune responses in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) after ASFV and PRRSV infections was lacking. In this study, we conducted a comparison using two single-cell transcriptomic datasets generated from PAMs under ASFV and PRRSV infection. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) RIG-I (DDX58), MDA5 (IFIH1), and LGP2 (DHX58) were identified as particularly recognizing ASFV and PRRSV, triggering cellular defense responses, including the upregulation of four cytokine families (CCL, CXCL, IL, and TNF) and the induction of pyroptosis. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis and protein\u2013protein interaction analysis, we identified thirteen gene and protein interactions shared by both scRNA-seq analyses, suggesting the ability to inhibit both ASFV and PRRSV viral replication. We discovered six proteins (PARP12, PARP14, HERC5, DDX60, RSAD2, and MNDA) in PAMs as inhibitors of ASFV and PRRSV replication. Collectively, our findings showed detailed characterizations of the immune responses in PAMs during ASFV and PRRSV infections, which may facilitate the treatments of these viral diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12030563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T03:55:34Z","timestamp":1710215734000},"page":"563","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Unveiling Shared Immune Responses in Porcine Alveolar Macrophages during ASFV and PRRSV Infection Using Single-Cell RNA-seq"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1214-0440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhichao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7859-1985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunhe","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guihong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaosheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7810-9394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengcao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China"},{"name":"School of Biology, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2010.10.009","article-title":"Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: An update on an emerging and re-emerging viral disease of swine","volume":"154","author":"Lunney","year":"2010","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.00402","article-title":"The Genetics of Life and Death: Virus-Host Interactions Underpinning Resistance to African Swine Fever, a Viral Hemorrhagic Disease","volume":"10","author":"Netherton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. 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