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Funds for the Central Universities","award":["202204041101019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202204041101019"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["JJKH20221039KJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JJKH20221039KJ"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["JJKH2023502KJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JJKH2023502KJ"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["6\u201319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6\u201319"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["20-6337\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20-6337\/1"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2022-JCXK-33"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-JCXK-33"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There are significant variations in pathogenicity among different virulent strains of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Virulent NDV typically induces severe pathological changes and high mortality rates in infected birds, while avirulent NDV usually results in asymptomatic infection. Currently, the understanding of the specific mechanisms underlying the differences in host pathological responses and symptoms caused by various virulent NDV strains remains limited. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) can participate in a range of biological processes and plays a crucial role in viral infection and replication. Therefore, this study employed RNA-Seq to investigate the transcriptional profiles of chicken embryos\u2019 visceral tissues (CEVTs) infected with either the virulent NA-1 strain or avirulent LaSota strain at 24 hpi and 36 hpi. Using bioinformatic methods, we obtained a total of 2532 lncRNAs, of which there were 52 and 85 differentially expressed lncRNAs at 24 hpi and 36 hpi, respectively. LncRNA analysis revealed that the severe pathological changes and symptoms induced by virulent NDV infection may be partially attributed to related target genes, regulated by differentially expressed lncRNAs such as MSTRG.1545.5, MSTRG.14601.6, MSTRG.7150.1, and MSTRG.4481.1. Taken together, these findings suggest that virulent NDV infection exploits the host\u2019s metabolic resources and exerts an influence on the host\u2019s metabolic processes, accompanied by excessive activation of the immune response. This impacts the growth and development of each system of CEVTs, breaches the blood\u2013brain barrier, inflicts severe damage on the nervous system, and induces significant lesions. These observations may be attributed to variations in pathology. Consequently, novel insights were obtained into the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing NDV and host interactions. This will aid in unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying both virulent and avirulent forms of NDV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12050971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T06:59:32Z","timestamp":1715756372000},"page":"971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Long Non-Coding RNA Analysis: Severe Pathogenicity in Chicken Embryonic Visceral Tissues Infected with Highly Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus\u2014A Comparison to the Avirulent Vaccine Virus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yuxin","family":"Sha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"},{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongjin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sijie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongning","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kexin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7431-2523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renfu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2014.10.032","article-title":"Identification of new sub-genotypes of virulent Newcastle disease virus with potential panzootic features","volume":"29","author":"Miller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. 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