{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:30:44Z","timestamp":1790875844762,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]],"date-time":"2024-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The emergence of antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to public health worldwide, affecting various medical fields, including ophthalmology. Eye infections, ranging from conjunctivitis to more severe conditions like keratitis, are commonly treated with antibiotics. However, the misuse and overuse of these drugs have led to the development of resistant strains of bacteria, allowing traditional treatments ineffective. This paper aims to examine the current situation of antibiotic resistance in eye infections globally, with a specific focus on a large group of hospitals located in Milan (Italy) with considerable experience in cataract and cornea surgery as well as in retinopathy. The results of the study show the prevalence of Gram-positives in the tested samples and a low resistance of fluoroquinolones and glycopeptides. The results also highlight the need to implement sample collection methods for ocular infections, as the quantity of positive samples is rather low compared to the total number of samples. In conclusion, the study, although with limited data, shows that resistance to aminoglycosides and cephalosporins is a situation to be monitored. These data also show the critical need to improve and guide the biological sample collection modalities in order to make the diagnosis more reliable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12050984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T06:59:32Z","timestamp":1715756372000},"page":"984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Eye Infections: A Local Concern with a Retrospective Focus on a Large Hospital in Northern Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5206-540X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Drago","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Laboratory of Clinical Medicine with Specialized Areas, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16\/15, 20138 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Clinical Microbiology and Microbiome Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Minasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Laboratory of Clinical Medicine with Specialized Areas, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16\/15, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7232-6593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Lembo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University Eye Clinic, San Giuseppe Hospital-IRCCS MultiMedica, University of Milan, Via San Vittore 12, 20123 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Uslenghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Laboratory of Clinical Medicine with Specialized Areas, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16\/15, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Benedetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Laboratory of Clinical Medicine with Specialized Areas, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16\/15, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Covi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Laboratory of Clinical Medicine with Specialized Areas, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16\/15, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4036-703X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Nucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University Eye Clinic, San Giuseppe Hospital-IRCCS MultiMedica, University of Milan, Via San Vittore 12, 20123 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loredana","family":"Deflorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Laboratory of Clinical Medicine with Specialized Areas, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Fantoli 16\/15, 20138 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2014). 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