{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T18:40:55Z","timestamp":1789843255597,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,8]],"date-time":"2024-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brasil (CAPES)","award":["88887.891487\/2023-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88887.891487\/2023-00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The World Health Organization (WHO) has prioritized developing new drugs against specific bacteria and fungi, such as Enterobacteriaceae and Candida spp. While Pfaffia paniculata is commonly called the \u201ccure-everything\u201d, its scientifically proven benefits are limited to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. Therefore, this study aims to determine the spectrum of antimicrobial activity of Pfaffia paniculata and assess its cytotoxicity. Thus, broth microdilution test was conducted according to the CLSI M7-A9 and M27-A3 reference methods. After screening, microbial species with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were selected for biofilm tests. These tests evaluated biomass using the crystal violet (CV) test, metabolic activity using the MTT assay, and structural analysis via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Cytotoxicity was evaluated in human gingival fibroblasts (FMM-1). There were reductions of 29.4 and 42.7% in CV and MTT assays for Candida spp. biofilm. S. mutans and P. aeruginosa biofilms showed a decrease of 15.7 and 28.6%, respectively. Cell viability tests indicated 55.1, 56.9, and 65.5% of viability after contact with 1.93, 0.96, and 0.48 mg\/mL of the extract, respectively. The P. paniculata extract showed antimicrobial action, displayed MIC values, and antibiofilm action on P. aeruginosa, S. mutans, and C. albicans. The cytotoxicity on the FMM-1 cell line was dose-dependent. Therefore, P. paniculata extract holds significant potential for developing new drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12061165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T08:49:03Z","timestamp":1718009343000},"page":"1165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pfaffia paniculata Extract, a Potential Antimicrobial Agent against Candida spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus mutans Biofilms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3804-7632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego Garcia","family":"Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Multimaterials and Interfaces Laboratory (LMI), CNRS UMR 5615, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 6 rue Victor Grignard, 69622 Villeurbanne, France"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 d\u2019Odontologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69008 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Laboratory \u201cHealth Systemic Process\u201d (P2S), UR4129, Faculty of Medicine Laennec, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69008 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Francisco Jos\u00e9 Longo 777, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2682-2796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas de Paula","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory \u201cHealth Systemic Process\u201d (P2S), UR4129, Faculty of Medicine Laennec, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69008 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Francisco Jos\u00e9 Longo 777, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Paulista University, Highway President Dutra km 157, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12240-420, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8301-498X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Attik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multimaterials and Interfaces Laboratory (LMI), CNRS UMR 5615, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 6 rue Victor Grignard, 69622 Villeurbanne, France"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 d\u2019Odontologie, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 7 rue Guillaume Paradin, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tha\u00eds Cristine","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Francisco Jos\u00e9 Longo 777, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9956-7768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciane Dias de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Francisco Jos\u00e9 Longo 777, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8065-5618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Marcucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Francisco Jos\u00e9 Longo 777, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 12245-000, SP, 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