{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T14:48:44Z","timestamp":1777906124425,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007061","name":"SENACYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FIED21-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIED21-004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sistema Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n (SNI-SENACYT), Panama","award":["FIED21-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIED21-004"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil","award":["FIED21-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIED21-004"]}]},{"name":"Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies","award":["FIED21-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIED21-004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Leishmania (Viannia) spp. can harbor a double-stranded RNA virus known as Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV-1), whose presence has been reported in nine countries across the Americas and seven Leishmania species. Here, we studied 100 Leishmania (Viannia) isolates from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis collected from different endemic areas in Panama from 2016 to 2022. We identified L. (V.) panamensis, L. (V.) guyanensis, L. (V.) braziliensis\/guyanensis hybrid, and L. (V.) panamensis sp.1. (genetic variant). LRV-1 was detected by RT-PCR in 9% of L. (Viannia) isolates (eight cases in L. (V.) panamensis, and one in L. (V.) guyanensis). Phylogenetic analysis based on sequencing data classified all LRV-1 isolates within genotype A, suggesting that LRV phylogenetic proximity is closely aligned with geographical distribution or to the phylogenetic proximity of the Leishmania host in the case of the L. (V.) panamensis and L. (V.) guyanensis in Panama.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12071317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T03:42:30Z","timestamp":1719546150000},"page":"1317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Epidemiology and Genetic Characterization of Leishmania RNA Virus in Leishmania (Viannia) spp. Isolates from Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Endemic Areas in Panama"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Armando Assair","family":"Bonilla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Maestr\u00eda en Ciencias Parasitol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnolog\u00eda, Universidad de Panam\u00e1, Panama 3366, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2847-2419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Pineda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en Parasitolog\u00eda, Instituto de Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama 0816-02593, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6669-4290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Eduardo","family":"Calzada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en Parasitolog\u00eda, Instituto de Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama 0816-02593, Panama"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Panam\u00e1, Panama 3366, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5653-1332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azael","family":"Salda\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Diagn\u00f3stico de Enfermedades Parasitarias (CIDEP), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panam\u00e1, Panama 3366, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1080-2440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcia Dalastra","family":"Laurenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Patologia de Mol\u00e9stias Infecciosas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7479-3064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Goya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2708-4668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leyda","family":"Abrego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en Virolog\u00eda y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama 0816-02593, Panama"},{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnolog\u00eda, Universidad de Panam\u00e1, Panama 3366, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7297-1322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kadir","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n en Parasitolog\u00eda, Instituto de Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama 0816-02593, Panama"},{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panam\u00e1, Panama 3366, Panama"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/23.12.2300","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of Leishmania RNA virus and leishmania suggests ancient virus-parasite association","volume":"23","author":"Widmer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(92)90099-6","article-title":"Distribution and sequence divergence of LRV1 viruses among different Leishmania species","volume":"54","author":"Guilbride","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol. 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