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Nasal swab samples were obtained before and after using the most popular over-the-counter (OTC) nasal spray in 10 participants aged 18\u201348. All participants were healthy volunteers with no significant medical histories. The participants were randomly assigned a number by randomizing software and consisted of five men and five women. The sampling consisted of placing a nasal swab atraumatically into the nasal cavity. The samples were preserved and sent to Northwestern University Sequencing Center for whole-genome deep sequencing. After 21 days of OTC nasal spray use twice daily, the participants returned for further nasal microbiome sampling. The microbial analysis included all bacteria, archaea, viruses, molds, and yeasts via deep sequencing for species analysis. The Northwestern University Sequencing Center utilized artificial intelligence analysis to determine shifts in species and strains following nasal spray use that resulted in changes in diversity and richness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12071407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T08:16:57Z","timestamp":1720772217000},"page":"1407","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Whole-Genome Deep Sequencing of the Healthy Adult Nasal Microbiome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Cannon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"},{"name":"Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aventura Hospital Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowship, Aventura, FL 33180, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Tesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aventura Hospital Pulmonary and Critical Care Fellowship, Aventura, FL 33180, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0865-1057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Schipma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QDSC, NUSeq Core, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.12.1071","article-title":"Prevalence of allergic sensitization in the United States: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005\u20132006","volume":"134","author":"Salo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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