{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:19:13Z","timestamp":1760145553920,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH\/NIAID","award":["K01 AI166096","P01 Al 152999","R01 Al 148342","R01 Al 134637","K24 AI121296","P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 AI166096","P01 Al 152999","R01 Al 148342","R01 Al 134637","K24 AI121296","P30CA016672"]}]},{"name":"NIH\/NCI","award":["K01 AI166096","P01 Al 152999","R01 Al 148342","R01 Al 134637","K24 AI121296","P30CA016672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 AI166096","P01 Al 152999","R01 Al 148342","R01 Al 134637","K24 AI121296","P30CA016672"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) commonly colonize the gut of individuals with hematologic malignancies or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and may cause bacteremia. In 2012, we identified VRE isolates from patients and patients\u2019 rooms and showed transmission networks of highly genetically related daptomycin-resistant (DR)-VRE strains. This is a follow-up study performing whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analyses on 82 clinical VRE strains isolated from stools and blood cultures of patients with leukemia and HCT between 2015 and 2019. Here, we observed transmission of highly genetically related strains between rooms on the same or on different floors, including a DR-VRE strain identified in 2012. Eleven of twenty-eight patients with DR-VRE were never exposed to daptomycin, suggesting horizontal transmission. Fifteen of the twenty-eight patients with DR-VRE died within 30 days of positive blood cultures. Amongst those, one DR-VRE strain belonging to ST1471 had the virulence gene bopD responsible for biofilm formation. Additionally, to our knowledge, this is the first report of a DR-VRE strain belonging to ST323 in the United States. In summary, our study demonstrated the emergence and persistence of VRE strains, especially DR-VRE, in our hospital. Adding WGS to routine infection control measures may timely identify potential horizontal VRE transmission including multi-drug-resistant isolates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12081676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]],"date-time":"2024-08-14T09:20:51Z","timestamp":1723627251000},"page":"1676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Persistence of Daptomycin-Resistant and Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Hospitalized Patients with Underlying Malignancies: A 7-Year Follow-Up Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lynn","family":"El Haddad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Florida, 2033 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7855-9670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Angelidakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2599-3152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuting","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6022-1890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Layale","family":"Yaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cesar A.","family":"Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel A.","family":"Shelburne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwangcheol Casey","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roy F.","family":"Chemaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2024, August 06). 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