{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:50:21Z","timestamp":1785797421145,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The risk of infection transmission from mother to fetus depends on the pathogen. TORCH agents cause some neuroinfections, including Toxoplasmosis, rubella, Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex 1 and 2, and others (Varicella Zoster, Parvovirus B-19, Epstein\u2013Barr virus, and Zika virus). The consequences can be stillbirth, prematurity, uterine growth restriction, and congenital malformations. The detection of DNA\/RNA from CSF by molecular methods is a marker of the involvement of congenital infection in the central nervous system. This study aimed to identify the frequency of these pathogens in CSF samples from newborns (1 to 28 days old) at a tertiary hospital, using PCR, and determine the clinical consequences. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study involving the molecular analysis of 151 CSF samples from neonates, collected for cytological and biochemical diagnosis from 2017 to 2021. After the results and consent from the participants\u2019 caregivers were obtained, the leftover material was sent to the University\u2019s Virology Laboratory and submitted for DNA\/RNA extraction and Nested-PCR\/RT-PCR. A review of the patients\u2019 medical records and descriptive statistics was performed. This work was approved by the Ethics Committee (CAAE: 86760218.3.0000.5404). Results: A total of 151 CSF samples were obtained, 16 of which were positive (10.6% [95% CI%: 6.18\u201316.63%]). Two of these were PCR-positive for HSV-1 (1.3%), four for VZV (2.6%), one for CMV (0.67%), two for Toxoplasmosis (1.3%), four for Parvovirus B-19 (2.6%), and four for Zika (2.6%). The proportion of positive PCR results was higher in the group that presented with malformations (25.0% vs. 8.4%, p = 0.040). Conclusions: The pathogens identified by PCR were mostly Zika virus, VZV, and B-19, and these were mainly found in newborns with malformations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12112133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]],"date-time":"2024-10-24T09:11:47Z","timestamp":1729761107000},"page":"2133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Molecular Biology for Diagnosis of Congenital and Neonatal Infections in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Newborns from a Brazilian Tertiary Hospital"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4846-2071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzana Ferreira","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, FCM Unicamp, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9345-9931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Gon\u00e7alves","family":"de Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, FCM Unicamp, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2088-972X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Moreno","family":"Morcillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, FCM Unicamp, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0630-5062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra Helena Alves","family":"Bonon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, FCM Unicamp, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio Tadeu Martins","family":"Marba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, FCM Unicamp, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.4067\/S0716-10182016000200010","article-title":"S\u00edndrome de TORCH: Enfoque racional del diagn\u00f3stico y tratamiento pre y post natal.: Recomendaciones del Comit\u00e9 Consultivo de Infecciones Neonatales Sociedad Chilena de Infectolog\u00eda","volume":"33","author":"Delpiano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. 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