{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T23:11:30Z","timestamp":1788909090135,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Fund of China","award":["42007221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42007221"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Fund of China","award":["2020R1034001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1034001"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Fund of China","award":["GJPY2019003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJPY2019003"]}]},{"name":"Fujian Special Fund for Scientific Research Institutes in the Public Interest","award":["42007221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42007221"]}]},{"name":"Fujian Special Fund for Scientific Research Institutes in the Public Interest","award":["2020R1034001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1034001"]}]},{"name":"Fujian Special Fund for Scientific Research Institutes in the Public Interest","award":["GJPY2019003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJPY2019003"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018914","name":"Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42007221"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42007221"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018914","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018914","name":"Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1034001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1034001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018914","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018914","name":"Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GJPY2019003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJPY2019003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018914","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Shouchella clausii (S. clausii) has been marketed as an important commercial probiotic, displaying significant therapeutic effects on antibiotic-associated diarrhea and providing benefits to humans. This study aimed to explore the distribution, adaptation, and probiotic properties of S. clausii. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, 43 strains of S. clausii were isolated from 317 soil samples in China. Based on the genomic index of Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) results, 41 strains were confirmed as S. clausii, while two strains, FJAT-45399 and FJAT-45335, were identified as potential novel species distinct from S. clausii. Combined phenotypic and genomic predictions indicated that S. clausii could survive under harsh conditions. Comparative genomics revealed that these isolates possess antibiotic resistance genes, as well as capabilities for bacteriocin and folate production, while lacking toxins and hemolytic activity. Hemolysis tests indicated that strain FJAT-41761 exhibited non-pathogenic \u03b3-hemolytic activity, while also demonstrating resistance to multiple antibiotics, consistent with probiotic characteristics. These findings suggest that strain FJAT-41761 is safe and holds potential as a future probiotic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12112143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T03:46:04Z","timestamp":1729827964000},"page":"2143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparative Genomics and In Vitro Experiments Provide Insight into the Adaptation and Probiotic Properties of Shouchella clausii"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6050-9369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huai","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.003775","article-title":"A phylogenomic and comparative genomic framework for resolving the polyphyly of the genus Bacillus: Proposal for six new genera of Bacillus species, Peribacillus gen. nov., Cytobacillus gen. nov., Mesobacillus gen. nov., Neobacillus gen. nov., Metabacillus gen. nov. and Alkalihalobacillus gen. nov","volume":"70","author":"Patel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joshi, A., Thite, S., Karodi, P., Joseph, N., and Lodha, T. (2021). Alkalihalobacterium elongatum gen. nov. sp. nov.: An Antibiotic-Producing Bacterium Isolated From Lonar Lake and Reclassification of the Genus Alkalihalobacillus Into Seven Novel Genera. Front. Microbiol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.722369"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2021.109787","article-title":"Improving the activity and stability of Bacillus clausii alkaline protease using directed evolution and molecular dynamics simulation","volume":"147","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Enzym. Microb. Technol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mittal, A., Joshi, M., Rath, S., Singh, D., and Dwibedi, V. (2022). Isolation of Alpha Amylase-Producing Bacteria from Local Region of Ambala and Production of Amylase Under Optimized Factors Using Solid-State Fermentation. Curr. Microbiol., 79.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-022-03081-3"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, S., Zhang, T., Miao, M., Wei, Z., and Lv, H. (2024). Characterization of a recombinant endo-\u03b2-1,3-glucanase from Alkalihalobacillus Clausii KSM-K16 and its application in the production of curdlan oligosaccharides. Food Biosci., 57.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2023.103566"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"161","article-title":"In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Bacillus clausii KP10","volume":"41","author":"Nighat","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chem. Soc. Pak."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2974","DOI":"10.1039\/C4RA13261K","article-title":"Lipopeptide biosurfactant from Bacillus clausii BS02 using sunflower oil soapstock: Evaluation of high throughput screening methods, production, purification, characterization and its insecticidal activity","volume":"5","author":"Hazra","year":"2015","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-013-0489-3","article-title":"New Bacteriocin from Bacillus clausii Strain GM17: Purification, Characterization, and Biological Activity","volume":"171","author":"Ghadbane","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.09.187","article-title":"The biodegradation of cefuroxime, cefotaxime and cefpirome by the synthetic consortium with probiotic Bacillus clausii and investigation of their potential biodegradation pathways","volume":"651","author":"Kong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-017-2998-5","article-title":"Increase of content and bioactivity of total phenolic compounds from spent coffee grounds through solid state fermentation by Bacillus clausii","volume":"55","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.136329","article-title":"Bio-removal of tetracycline antibiotics under the consortium with probiotics Bacillus clausii T and Bacillus amylo-liquefaciens producing biosurfactants","volume":"710","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, F., Li, C., Zhang, N., He, X., Yang, H., Yan, Z., Zhou, Y., Tian, H., and Huang, K. (2023). A novel endophytic bacterial strain improves potato storage characteristics by degrading glycoalkaloids and regulating microbiota. Postharvest Biol. Technol., 196.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.postharvbio.2022.112176"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2023.105399","article-title":"Evaluation of the biotransformation of alkali-silica reaction products by Alkalihalobacillus clausii and Bacillus thuringiensis","volume":"146","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Compos."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghelardi, E., Abreu y Abreu, A.T., Boggio Marzet, C., \u00c1lvarez Calatayud, G., Perez, M., and Moschione Castro, A.P. (2022). Current Progress and Future Perspectives on the Use of Bacillus clausii. Microorganisms, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10061246"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.2147\/tcrm.2007.3.1.13","article-title":"Efficacy of Bacillus clausii spores in the prevention of recurrent respiratory infections in children: A pilot study","volume":"3","author":"Marseglia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ther. Clin. Risk Manag."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ianiro, G., Rizzatti, G., Plomer, M., Lopetuso, L.R., Scaldaferri, F., Franceschi, F., Cammarota, G., and Gasbarrini, A. (2018). Bacillus clausii for the Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10081074"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paparo, L., Tripodi, L., Bruno, C., Pisapia, L., Damiano, C., Pastore, L., and Berni Canani, R. (2020). Protective action of Bacillus clausii probiotic strains in an in vitro model of Rotavirus infection. Sci. Rep., 10.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69533-7"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.05.483","article-title":"Transcriptomic analysis of two endophytes involved in enhancing salt stress ability of Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"686","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.001755","article-title":"Introducing EzBioCloud: A taxonomically united database of 16S rRNA gene sequences and whole-genome assemblies","volume":"67","author":"Yoon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-217X-1-18","article-title":"SOAPdenovo2: An empirically improved memory-efficient short-read de novo assembler","volume":"1","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"GigaScience"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3100","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm160","article-title":"RNAmmer: Consistent and rapid annotation of ribosomal RNA genes","volume":"35","author":"Lagesen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.5.955","article-title":"tRNAscan-SE: A Program for Improved Detection of Transfer RNA Genes in Genomic Sequence","volume":"25","author":"Lowe","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hyatt, D.R., Chen, G.L., LoCascio, P.F., Land, M., Larimer, F.W., and Hauser, L. (2010). Prodigal: Prokaryotic gene recognition and translation initiation site identification. BMC Bioinform., 11.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-119"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D353","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1092","article-title":"KEGG: New perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs","volume":"45","author":"Kanehisa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D490","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1178","article-title":"The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013","volume":"42","author":"Lombard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D233","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn663","article-title":"The Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes database (CAZy): An expert resource for Glycogenomics","volume":"37","author":"Cantarel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-017-0844-4","article-title":"A large-scale evaluation of algorithms to calculate average nucleotide identity","volume":"110","author":"Yoon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antonie van Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.004004","article-title":"Description of Paenibacillus tepidiphilus sp. nov., isolated from a tepid spring","volume":"70","author":"Rao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"e000056","article-title":"SNP-sites: Rapid efficient extraction of SNPs from multi-FASTA alignments","volume":"2","author":"Page","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microb. Genom."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msu300","article-title":"IQ-TREE: A Fast and Effective Stochastic Algorithm for Estimating Maximum-Likelihood Phylogenies","volume":"32","author":"Nguyen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btq461","article-title":"Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster than BLAST","volume":"26","author":"Edgar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W293","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab301","article-title":"Interactive Tree Of Life (iTOL) v5: An online tool for phylogenetic tree display and annotation","volume":"49","author":"Bork","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2020.04.006","article-title":"Aflatoxin-degrading Bacillus sp. strains degrade zearalenone and produce proteases, amylases and cellulases of agro-industrial interest","volume":"180","author":"Lara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aqrep.2018.07.001","article-title":"Evaluation of probiotic potential of Bacillus spp. isolated from the digestive tract of freshwater fish Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822)","volume":"11","author":"Kavitha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aquac. Rep."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-071819-031654","article-title":"Cold Shock Response in Bacteria","volume":"55","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ito, M., Morino, M., and Krulwich, T.A. (2017). Mrp Antiporters Have Important Roles in Diverse Bacteria and Archaea. Front. Microbiol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02325"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wani, A.K., Akhtar, N., Sher, F., Navarrete, A.A., and Am\u00e9rico-Pinheiro, J.H.P. (2022). Microbial adaptation to different environmental conditions: Molecular perspective of evolved genetic and cellular systems. Arch. Microbiol., 204.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-022-02757-5"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2017.12.015","article-title":"Membrane fluidization by alcohols inhibits DesK-DesR signalling in Bacillus subtilis","volume":"1860","author":"Cybulski","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Biomembr."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bortolotti, A., V\u00e1zquez, D.B., Almada, J.C., Inda, M.E., Drusin, S.I., Villalba, J.M., Moreno, D.M., Ruysschaert, J.M., and Cybulski, L.E. (2020). A Transmembrane Histidine Kinase Functions as a pH Sensor. Biomolecules, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10081183"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-023-00711-4","article-title":"Traversing DNA-Protein Interactions Between Mesophilic and Thermophilic Bacteria: Implications from Their Cold Shock Response","volume":"66","author":"Roy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.03.082","article-title":"Hsp90 Is Essential under Heat Stress in the Bacterium Shewanella oneidensis","volume":"19","author":"Genest","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2012.07982.x","article-title":"Hsp33 confers bleach resistance by protecting elongation factor Tu against oxidative degradation in Vibrio cholerae","volume":"83","author":"Wholey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14245-4","article-title":"Bacterial Hsp70 resolves misfolded states and accelerates productive folding of a multi-domain protein","volume":"11","author":"Imamoglu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10341","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.21.10341","article-title":"Cooperation of GroEL\/GroES and DnaK\/DnaJ heat shock proteins in preventing protein misfolding in Escherichia coli","volume":"89","author":"Gragerov","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-019-01772-3","article-title":"The clpX gene plays an important role in bacterial attachment, stress tolerance, and virulence in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris","volume":"202","author":"Lo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2525","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30272-0","article-title":"Modulating the evolutionary trajectory of tolerance using antibiotics with different metabolic dependencies","volume":"13","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.4161\/gmic.19897","article-title":"Microbial degradation of complex carbohydrates in the gut","volume":"3","author":"Flint","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2011.553752","article-title":"Probiotics and Its Functionally Valuable Products\u2014A Review","volume":"53","author":"Kanmani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2018.0066","article-title":"Mechanisms and immunomodulatory properties of pre- and probiotics","volume":"10","author":"Peters","year":"2019","journal-title":"Benef. Microbes"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aambs.2016.07.019","article-title":"In Sickness and in Health: The Relationships Between Bacteria and Bile in the Human Gut","volume":"96","author":"Hay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Myo, T., Wei, F., Zhang, H., Hao, J., Zhang, B., Liu, Z., Cao, G., Tian, B., and Shi, G. (2021). Genome-wide identification of the BASS gene family in four Gossypium species and functional characterization of GhBASSs against salt stress. Sci. Rep., 11.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90740-3"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S261","DOI":"10.1016\/S1590-8658(07)60006-1","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance: The pros and cons of probiotics","volume":"38","author":"Courvalin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.2174\/2212707002666150128195631","article-title":"Antibiotic Sensitivity of Bacillus clausii Strains in Commercial Preparation","volume":"1","author":"Abbrescia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Immunol. Endocr. Metab. Drugs"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khatri, I., Sharma, G., and Subramanian, S. (2019). Composite genome sequence of Bacillus clausii, a probiotic commercially available as Enterogermina\u00ae, and insights into its probiotic properties. BMC Microbiol., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1680-7"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2016.12.004","article-title":"Safety assessment of Bacillus clausii UBBC07, a spore forming probiotic","volume":"4","author":"Lakshmi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2009.01633.x","article-title":"A chromosomal chloramphenicol acetyltransferase determinant from a probiotic strain of Bacillus clausii","volume":"296","author":"Galopin","year":"2009","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1007\/s10068-019-00691-9","article-title":"Bacillus strains as human probiotics: Characterization, safety, microbiome, and probiotic carrier","volume":"28","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heidari, H.R.K., and Budi\u0161a, N. (2020). Combating Antimicrobial Resistance With New-To-Nature Lanthipeptides Created by Genetic Code Expansion. Front. Microbiol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.590522"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.3390\/bacteria2040014","article-title":"Bacteremia following Alkalihalobacillus clausii (Formerly Bacillus clausii) Administration in Immunosuppressed Adults: A Case Series","volume":"2","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bacteria"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su, D., Liang, L., Li, Z., Lin, Q., Peng, C., Lei, X., and Liu, S. (2020). Genome analysis of two Lactobacillus plantarum strains, LLY-606 and pc-26, for evaluating their potential as probiotics. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 29.","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1907.07010"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baldwin, V.M. (2020). You Can\u2019t B. cereus\u2014A Review of Bacillus cereus Strains That Cause Anthrax-Like Disease. Front. Microbiol., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.01731"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4008","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.8.4008-4013.1999","article-title":"Cloning, Sequencing, and Role in Virulence of Two Phospholipases (A1 and C) from Mesophilic Aeromonas sp. Serogroup O:34","volume":"67","author":"Merino","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."}],"container-title":["Microorganisms"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2607\/12\/11\/2143\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:20:06Z","timestamp":1760113206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2607\/12\/11\/2143"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["microorganisms12112143"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms12112143","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2607"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2607","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]}}}