{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T22:02:22Z","timestamp":1793397742215,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":171,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY034892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY034892"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Knights Templar Eye Foundation","award":["EY034892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY034892"]}]},{"name":"the University of Nebraska Medical Center","award":["EY034892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY034892"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infectious retinitis, though rare, poses a significant threat to vision, often leading to severe and irreversible damage. Various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, tick-borne agents, parasites, and fungi, can cause this condition. Among these, necrotizing herpetic retinitis represents a critical spectrum of retinal infections primarily caused by herpes viruses such as varicella-zoster virus (VZV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV). This review underscores the retina\u2019s susceptibility to viral infections, focusing on the molecular mechanisms through which herpetic viruses invade and damage retinal tissue, supported by clinical and preclinical evidence. We also identify existing knowledge gaps and propose future research directions to deepen our understanding and improve therapeutic outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12122513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T03:44:47Z","timestamp":1733456687000},"page":"2513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Better Understanding of the Clinical and Pathological Changes in Viral Retinitis: Steps to Improve Visual Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9596-4643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nghi M.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8531-0037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Conrady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy058","article-title":"The First Case of Trypanosoma cruzi\u2013Associated Retinitis in an Immunocompromised Host Diagnosed With Pan-Organism Polymerase Chain Reaction","volume":"67","author":"Conrady","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. 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