{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:36:11Z","timestamp":1780587371896,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,5]],"date-time":"2025-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Belgian Directorate General for Development Cooperation for institutional collaboration, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, and the Institute of Tropical Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a devastating zoonotic mosquito-borne viral hemorrhagic fever disease that threats human and animal health and biodiversity in Africa, including in Rwanda. RVF is increasingly outbreaking in Africa, leading to devastating impacts on health, socioeconomic stability and growth, and food insecurity in the region, particularly among livestock-dependent communi-ties. This systematic review synthesizes existing evidence on RVF\u2019s epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and the prevention and control measures implemented in Rwanda. Our findings high-light the rapidly increasing prevalence of RVF and the expansion of its geographical distribution and host range in Rwanda. Furthermore, the review reveals gaps in local evidence, including the existence of competent vectors of RVFV and the risk factors associated with the emergence and spread of RVF in the country. This underscores the urgent need for prospective research to inform evidence-based health policymaking, strategic planning, and the development and implementation of cost-effective preventive and control measures, including diagnosis and surveillance for early detection and response. It also calls for the institutionalization of a cost-effective, multisectoral, and transdisciplinary One Health strategy for reducing the burden and risk of climate climate-sensitive and zoonotic diseases, including RVF, in the country. We recommend exploring cost-effective human and\/or animal vaccination mechanisms for RVF, integrating AI-powered drones into dis-ease vectors surveillance and control, and the routine implementation of genomics-enhanced xenosurveillance to monitor changes in pathogens and vectors dynamics in order to inform poli-cymaking and guide the control interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13010091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T10:40:52Z","timestamp":1736160052000},"page":"91","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Rift Valley Fever in Rwanda Is Urging for Enhancing Global Health Security Through Multisectoral One Health Strategy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Claude Mambo","family":"Muvunyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali 7162, Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Claude Semuto","family":"Ngabonziza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biology, University of Rwanda, Kigali 3900, Rwanda"},{"name":"Research, Innovation and Data Science Division, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali 7162, Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Edwar","family":"Siddig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali 7162, Rwanda"},{"name":"The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC), Ring Road, 16\/17, Haile Garment Lafto Square, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 3243, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9516-9508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayman","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali 7162, Rwanda"},{"name":"The Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC), Ring Road, 16\/17, Haile Garment Lafto Square, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 3243, Ethiopia"},{"name":"Pan-Africa One Health Institute (PAOHI), Kigali 11KG ST203, Rwanda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-018-1611-y","article-title":"Molecular Aspects of Rift Valley Fever Virus and the Emergence of Reassortants","volume":"55","author":"Gaudreault","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virus Genes."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3030","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2612.201599","article-title":"Unique Outbreak of Rift Valley Fever in Sudan, 2019","volume":"26","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. 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