{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:37:33Z","timestamp":1759970253021,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) is a multi-drug-resistant pathogen of significant clinical concern. Various S. aureus strains can cause infections, from skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening conditions such as bacteremia and pneumonia. VISA infections, particularly bacteremia, are associated with high mortality rates, with 34% of patients succumbing within 30 days. This study aimed to develop predictive models for VISA (including hVISA) bacteremia outcomes using data mining techniques, potentially improving patient management and therapy selection. We focused on three endpoints in patients receiving traditional vancomycin therapy: VISA persistence in bacteremia after 7 days, after 30 days, and patient mortality. Our analysis incorporated 29 risk factors associated with VISA bacteremia. The resulting models demonstrated high predictive accuracy, with 82.0\u201386.6% accuracy for 7-day VISA persistence in blood cultures and 53.4\u201369.2% accuracy for 30-day mortality. These findings suggest that data mining techniques can effectively predict VISA bacteremia outcomes in clinical settings. The predictive models developed have the potential to be applied prospectively in hospital settings, aiding in risk stratification and informing treatment decisions. Further validation through prospective studies is warranted to confirm the clinical utility of these predictive tools in managing VISA infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13010101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T03:38:41Z","timestamp":1736221121000},"page":"101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Data Mining Models in Prediction of Vancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus in Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) Bacteremia Patients in a Clinical Care Setting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Wei-Chuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Teaching and Education, Teaching and Research Department, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University, Yanpu Township, Pingtung 907101, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821004, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9465-8692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiun-Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 701401, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701401, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1648-3370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi-Chuan","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Teaching and Education, Teaching and Research Department, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3223-8243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yusen Eason","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Human Resource and Knowledge Management, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung 802561, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3934\/microbiol.2019.2.117","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and anti-MRSA activities of extracts of some medicinal plants: A brief review","volume":"5","author":"Okwu","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIMS Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program (2023). Healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in Canadian acute care hospitals, 2017\u20132021. Can. Commun. Dis. Rep., 49, 235\u2013252.","DOI":"10.14745\/ccdr.v49i05a09"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11786302241243239","DOI":"10.1177\/11786302241243239","article-title":"Reservoirs of Nosocomial Pathogens in Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review","volume":"18","author":"Osman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Health Insights."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2013.07.010","article-title":"High vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations with heteroresistant vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus in meticillin-resistant S. aureus bacteraemia patients","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, K.-H., Jung, Y.J., Lee, H.J., Kim, H.J., Maeng, C.H., Baek, S.K., Han, J.J., Jeon, W., Kim, D.Y., and Lee, Y.-M. (2024). Impact of multidrug resistance on outcomes in hematologic cancer patients with bacterial bloodstream infections. Sci. Rep., 14.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-66524-w"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.921.385","article-title":"Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the intensive care unit","volume":"78","author":"Haddadin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2024.03.017","article-title":"Bloodstream infections and multidrug resistant bacteria acquisition among burns patients in Australia and New Zealand: A registry-based study","volume":"50","author":"Cleland","year":"2024","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, Y.C., Kuo, S.C., Fang, C.T., and Lauderdale, T.-L. (2024). Changing epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria causing bacteremia in Taiwan: 2002\u20132020. Microbiol. Spectr., 12.","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00608-24"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2024.02.002","article-title":"Global distribution of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus strains (1997\u20132021): A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"37","author":"Keikha","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-022-01140-9","article-title":"Impact of vancomycin use trend change due to the availability of alternative antibiotics on the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus with reduced vancomycin susceptibility: A 14-year retrospective study","volume":"11","author":"Kang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Resist. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01719-10","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory characteristics of invasive infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates demonstrating a vancomycin MIC of 2 micrograms per milliliter: Lack of effect of heteroresistant vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus phenotype","volume":"49","author":"Satola","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir935","article-title":"The clinical significance of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration in Staphylococcus aureus infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Lodise","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3447","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01365-08","article-title":"Prospective Comparison of the Clinical Impacts of Heterogeneous Vancomycin-Intermediate Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin-Susceptible MRSA","volume":"53","author":"Horne","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6809e1","article-title":"Vital Signs: Epidemiology and Recent Trends in Methicillin-Resistant and in Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections\u2014United States","volume":"68","author":"Kourtis","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali, T., Ahmed, S., and Aslam, M. (2023). Artificial Intelligence for Antimicrobial Resistance Prediction: Challenges and Opportunities towards Practical Implementation. Antibiotics, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12030523"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alloghani, M., Subair, S., and Thron, C. (2022). A systematic review of the application of data mining techniques in healthcare analytics and data-driven decisions. Artificial Intelligence for Data Science in Theory and Practice, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-92245-0_6"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2013-002162","article-title":"A study in transfer learning: Leveraging data from multiple hospitals to enhance hospital-specific predictions","volume":"21","author":"Wiens","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, F., Rajabi, S., Shi, C., Afifirad, G., Omidi, N., Kouhsari, E., Khoshnood, S., and Azizian, K. (2022). Antibacterial activity of recently approved antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-022-00529-z"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxaa036","article-title":"Therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin for serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections: A revised consensus guideline and review by the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists","volume":"77","author":"Rybak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"44","article-title":"Data mining in clinical big data: The frequently used databases, steps, and methodological models","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mil. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Islam, M.S., Hasan, M.M., Wang, X., Germack, H.D., and Noor-E-Alam, M. (2018). A Systematic Review on Healthcare Analytics: Application and Theoretical Perspective of Data Mining. Healthcare, 6.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare6020054"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shanthakumari, A.S., and Jayakarthik, R. (2022). Data Mining in Health Care: Application Perspective. International Conference on Computing, Communication, Electrical and Biomedical Systems, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86165-0_13"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2836","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI68834","article-title":"Mechanisms of vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"124","author":"Gardete","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00265-08","article-title":"Evaluation of a new Etest vancomycin-teicoplanin strip for detection of glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (GISA), in particular, heterogeneous GISA","volume":"46","author":"Yusof","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(88)90053-3","article-title":"CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988","volume":"16","author":"Garner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Infect. Control"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf009","article-title":"Risk factors associated with nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection including previous use of antimicrobials","volume":"49","author":"Graffunder","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1086\/589717","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections: Risk factors, outcomes, and the influence of methicillin resistance in Calgary, Canada, 2000\u20132006","volume":"198","author":"Laupland","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539","article-title":"Deep learning","volume":"521","author":"LeCun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Breiman, L., Friedman, J., Olshen, R., and Stone, C. (1984). Classification and Regression Trees, Wadsworth International Group."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1988.10478652","article-title":"Tree-structured classification via generalized discriminant analysis (with discussion)","volume":"83","author":"Loh","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"119","article-title":"An Exploratory Technique for Investigating Large Quantities of Categorical Data","volume":"29","author":"Kass","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Society. Ser. C (Appl. Stat.)"},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Quinlan, R. (1993). C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Pearl, J. (1985, January 15\u201317). Bayesian Networks: A Model of Self-Activated Memory for Evidential Reasoning (UCLA Technical Report CSD-850017). Proceedings of the 7th Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Irvine, CA, USA."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00994018","article-title":"Support vector networks","volume":"20","author":"Cortes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosmer, D.W., Lemeshow, S., and Sturdivant, R.X. (2013). Applied Logistic Regression. Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics, John Wiley & Sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118548387"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Heckerman, D. (1998). A tutorial on learning with Bayesian networks. Learn. Graph. Models, 301\u2013354.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-5014-9_11"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/00031305.1992.10475879","article-title":"An Introduction to Kernel and Nearest Neighbor Nonparametric Regression","volume":"46","author":"Altman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. Stat."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2005.10.010","article-title":"An introduction to ROC analysis","volume":"27","author":"Fawcett","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit. Lett."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"3133","article-title":"Do we Need Hundreds of Classifiers to Solve Real World Classification Problems?","volume":"15","author":"Cernadas","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Mach. Learn. Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shaer, L., Kanj, R., and Joshi, R. (2019, January 26\u201329). Data Imbalance Handling Approaches for Accurate Statistical Modeling and Yield Analysis of Memory Designs. Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), Sapporo, Japan.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2019.8702731"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bawankar, N.S., Agrawal, G.N., and Zodpey Shrikhande, S.S. (2024). Unmasking a looming crisis: Escalating MIC of last resort drugs against MRSA isolates from a tertiary care hospital in Central India. Indian J. Med. Microbiol., 51.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmmb.2024.100707"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.36519\/idcm.2024.330","article-title":"Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Various MRSA Clinical Isolates and the Impact of Glycopeptide MICs on Clinical and Microbiological Outcomes","volume":"6","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"43. Ibrahim, E.H., Sherman, G., Ward, S., Fraser, V.J., and Kollef, M.H. (2000). The influence of inadequate antimicrobial treatment of bloodstream infections on patient outcomes in the ICU setting. Chest, 118, 146\u2013155.","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.1.146"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song, X., and Han, M. (2022). Pharmacokinetic\/Pharmacodynamic Target Attainment of Vancomycin, at Three Reported Infusion Modes, for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Bloodstream Infections in Critically Ill Patients: Focus on Novel Infusion Mode. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.874401"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2022.238","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: Trends and distinguishing characteristics among patients in a healthcare system in New York City","volume":"44","author":"Aslam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lubkin, A., Bernard-Raichon, L., DuMont, A.L., Jimenez, A.M.V., Putzel, G.G., Gago, J., Zwack, E.E., Olusanya, O., Boguslawski, K.M., and Dallari, S. (2024). SARS-CoV-2 infection predisposes patients to coinfection with Staphylococcus aureus. mBio, 15.","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01667-24"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hussain, K., Salat, M.S., Rauf, S., Rathi, M., Khan, M., Naz, F., Khan, W.A., Ikram, R., and Ambreen, G. (2022). Practical approaches to improve vancomycin-related patient outcomes in pediatrics\u2014An alternative strategy when AUC\/MIC is not feasible. BMC Pharmacol. Toxicol., 23.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-022-00606-1"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/57.suppl_2.S4","article-title":"Area under the inhibitory curve and a pneumonia scoring system for predicting outcomes of vancomycin therapy for respiratory infections by Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"57","author":"Moise","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200443130-00005","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics of vancomycin and other antimicrobials in patients with Staphylococcus aureus lower respiratory tract infections","volume":"43","author":"Forrest","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad500","article-title":"Contemporary Management of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia-Controversies in Clinical Practice","volume":"77","author":"Minter","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02354-12","article-title":"Novel combinations of vancomycin plus ceftaroline or oxacillin against methicillin-resistant vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) and heterogeneous VISA","volume":"57","author":"Werth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"2049936119886504","article-title":"Adjunctive ceftaroline in combination with daptomycin or vancomycin for complicated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia after monotherapy failure","volume":"6","author":"Hornak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther. Adv. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2021.106310","article-title":"Combination ceftaroline and daptomycin salvage therapy for complicated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia compared with standard of care","volume":"57","author":"Johnson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/40.1.135","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical strain with reduced vancomycin susceptibility","volume":"40","author":"Hiramatsu","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.10.2565","article-title":"Treatment of experimental staphylococcal endocarditis due to a strain with reduced susceptibility in vitro to vancomycin: Efficacy of ampicillin-sulbactam","volume":"43","author":"Backo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.7.1747","article-title":"Combinations of vancomycin and beta-lactams are synergistic against staphylococci with reduced susceptibilities to vancomycin","volume":"43","author":"Climo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/41.3.325","article-title":"Alternatives to vancomycin in treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections","volume":"41","author":"Rahman","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S184","DOI":"10.1086\/519471","article-title":"Alternatives to vancomycin for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections","volume":"45","author":"Micek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"478","article-title":"Fosfomycin plus beta-Lactams as Synergistic Bactericidal Combinations for Experimental Endocarditis Due to Methicillin-Resistant and Glycopeptide-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"60","author":"Entenza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"e69405","article-title":"The Medicine Revolution Through Artificial Intelligence: Ethical Challenges of Machine Learning Algorithms in Decision-Making","volume":"16","author":"Marques","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["Microorganisms"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2607\/13\/1\/101\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T10:24:08Z","timestamp":1759919048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2607\/13\/1\/101"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["microorganisms13010101"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms13010101","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2607"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2076-2607"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]}}}