{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:29:37Z","timestamp":1791725377277,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Iuliu Ha\u021bieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy"},{"name":"doctoral grant of Adrian-Gabriel Pan\u0103"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antibiotic resistance is on the WHO\u2019s top 10 list of global public health threats due to its rapid emergence and spread but also because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with it. Amongst the main species driving this phenomenon is A. baumannii, a member of the ESKAPE group of medical assistance-associated infections causing species famous for its extensively drug-resistant phenotypes. Our findings note a 91.52% frequency of extensively drug-resistant carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (XDR CRAB) phenotype amongst clinical isolates from multiple hospitals in two major cities from northwestern and central Romania, harboring multiple antibiotic resistance genes such as blaOXA-23-like in 108 (91.5%) isolates, blaOXA-24\/40-like in 88 (74.6%) isolates, blaNDM in 29 (25%) isolates, ArmA in 75 (63.6%) isolates, and ant(3\u2033)-I in 69 (58.5%) isolates and sul1 in 113 (95.76%) isolates. The isolates, although nearly identical in phenotype, displayed different genotypical profiles, with varying degrees of similarity across hospitals and cities, raising the possibility of both local outbreaks of a single clone and widespread dissemination of resistant isolates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13010176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T04:55:19Z","timestamp":1737003319000},"page":"176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Clonality and the Phenotype\u2013Genotype Correlation of Antimicrobial Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates: A Multicenter Study of Clinical Isolates from Romania"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Adrian-Gabriel","family":"Pan\u0103","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4\u20136 Louis Pasteur Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0302-4505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"\u0218chiopu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4\u20136 Louis Pasteur Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3930-5920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan Alexandru","family":"\u021aoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4\u20136 Louis Pasteur Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6099-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vlad Sever","family":"Neculicioiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4\u20136 Louis Pasteur Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6523-6845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anca","family":"Butiuc-Keul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Integrative Biology, Babe\u0219-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babe\u0219-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babes-Bolyai University, 5\u20137 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anca","family":"Farkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Integrative Biology, Babe\u0219-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babe\u0219-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babes-Bolyai University, 5\u20137 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0122-4332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matei-\u0218tefan","family":"Dobrescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Integrative Biology, Babe\u0219-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babe\u0219-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogalniceanu Street, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babes-Bolyai University, 5\u20137 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirela","family":"Flonta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Clinical Hospital, 23 Iuliu Moldovan Street, 400003 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Costache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4\u20136 Louis Pasteur Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Cluj-Napoca Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 3\u20135 Clinicilor Street, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izabella \u00c9va","family":"Sz\u00e1sz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"T\u00e2rgu-Mure\u0219 Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 50 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540136 T\u00e2rgu-Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3550-7966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lia-Monica","family":"Junie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4\u20136 Louis Pasteur Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2022, November 01). 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