{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T18:52:24Z","timestamp":1787597544274,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740009600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The etiology and resistance pattern of bacterial conjunctivitis varies depending on the patient\u2019s care setting and age. A retrospective, observational study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital. A total of 126 patients\u201476 adults and 50 children\u2014diagnosed with conjunctival infection during inpatient or ambulatory care were analyzed. In the samples of adult patients, isolates were represented by Gram-positive cocci (57.7%; Staphylococcus spp., S. pneumoniae) followed by Enterobacterales (17.97%; P. mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella spp.), and non-fermenters (7.69%; Pseudomonas spp., A. baumannii). Multidrug-resistant (52.17%) and extensively drug-resistant (21.73%) pathogens (predominantly Gram-negative bacilli) were identified in conjunctival swabs of hospitalized adult patients. The main isolates (55.77%) identified in children\u2019s conjunctival swabs belonged to S. aureus, H. influenzae, and S. pneumoniae, followed by Enterobacterales (19.22%; E. coli, P. mirabilis, M. morganii) and fungi (3.48%). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (35.71%) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing K. pneumoniae (8.7%) were identified in the pediatric subgroup of patients. In critically ill adult patients assisted in the intensive care or burn functional units, bacterial conjunctivitis followed the pattern of infections and antimicrobial resistance specific to these categories of patients. In the case of hospitalized children, conjunctivitis was an integral part of the age-related pathology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13030473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]],"date-time":"2025-02-20T06:10:21Z","timestamp":1740031821000},"page":"473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparative Analysis of Bacterial Conjunctivitis in the Adult and Pediatric Inpatient vs. Outpatient Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Adela","family":"Voinescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Multidisciplinary Research Center of Antimicrobial Resistance, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, \u201cPius Brinzeu\u201d Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corina","family":"Musuroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Multidisciplinary Research Center of Antimicrobial Resistance, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, \u201cPius Brinzeu\u201d Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9245-5883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica","family":"Licker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Multidisciplinary Research Center of Antimicrobial Resistance, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, \u201cPius Brinzeu\u201d Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9100-4530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delia","family":"Muntean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Multidisciplinary Research Center of Antimicrobial Resistance, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, \u201cPius Brinzeu\u201d Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia-Ioana","family":"Musuroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Practical Skills, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1572-1196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luminita Mirela","family":"Baditoiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Multidisciplinary Research Center of Antimicrobial Resistance, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Epidemiology Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorina","family":"Dugaesescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Multidisciplinary Research Center of Antimicrobial Resistance, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2136-5493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romanita","family":"Jumanca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Romanian and Foreign Languages Department, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9526-2211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihnea","family":"Munteanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department IX, Surgery and Ophthalmology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6141-0198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"Cosnita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department IX, Surgery and Ophthalmology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"704","article-title":"Bacterial conjunctivitis","volume":"2012","author":"Epling","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Clin. 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