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Although it is often recognized as a disease that is acute in low-income countries, HEV has also been recognized as a zoonotic disease in high-income countries. The zoonotic transmission requires flexible approaches to effectively monitor the virus, vectors, and reservoirs. However, the environmental monitoring of HEV presents additional challenges due to limitations in current detection methods, making it difficult to accurately assess the global prevalence of the virus. These challenges hinder efforts to fully understand the scope of the disease and to implement effective control measures. This review will explore these and other critical concerns, addressing gaps in HEV research and highlighting the need for improved strategies in the monitoring, prevention, and management of Hepatitis E using a One Health approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13050998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T20:57:16Z","timestamp":1746392236000},"page":"998","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Trends and Challenges in the Detection and Environmental Surveillance of the Hepatitis E Virus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mariana Alves","family":"Elois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Applied Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florian\u00f3polis 88040-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Microbiology Division, Faculty of Sciences, University 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