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Its alteration, known as dysbiosis, is associated with a wide range of conditions, including intestinal, metabolic, immunological, or neurological pathologies, among others. In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in knowledge about probiotics\u2014bacterial species that enhance health or address various diseases\u2014with numerous studies reporting their benefits in preventing or improving these conditions. This review aims to analyze the most common pathologies resulting from an imbalance in the gut microbiota, as well as detail the most important and known gut probiotics, their functions, and mechanisms of action in relation to these conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13051084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T05:18:20Z","timestamp":1746595100000},"page":"1084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Gut Microbiota: An Immersion in Dysbiosis, Associated Pathologies, and Probiotics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8699-594X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Orig\u00fcela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Lopez-Zaplana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Department, 3A Biotech, 30565 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sender, R., Fuchs, S., and Milo, R. 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