{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T22:46:41Z","timestamp":1787698001428,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746835200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research and Development, Application of Key Technologies for the Utilization of Aquatic Plant and Animal Resources and Water Ecological Environment Protection in Bosten Lake of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2023B02037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023B02037"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nymphaea candida Presl is a rare hardy water lily at risk of extinction and has been included on the \u2018Red List\u2019 of threatened species of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. To protect germplasm resources and propagate N. candida seedlings, this study conducted tissue culture and found that pathogenic endophytic fungal infection was the main reason for failure of tissue culture. Compared with the stems and leaves, the roots of N. candida had the highest rates of fungal infection during tissue culture. Subsequently, three isolated endophytic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum, Phytopythium helicoides, and Alternaria sp., showed the highest frequency of occurrence in tissue culture. Furthermore, an antifungal formulation comprising 0.1 \u03bcg\/mL pyrimidin suspension, 1 \u03bcg\/mL mancozeb wettable powder, and 1 \u03bcg\/mL carbendazim was constructed and could reduce the infection rates of root and stem tissues to 7.5% and 0%, respectively. Finally, the usefulness of this antifungal formulation for inhibition of endophytic fungi in tissue culture of N. candida was validated. This study not only provides important technical support for mass production of seedlings of N. candida, but also provides a scientific reference for the protection of endangered aquatic plant species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13051103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T04:21:23Z","timestamp":1747023683000},"page":"1103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Isolation, Identification, and Control of Pathogenic Endophytic Fungi in Nymphaea candida Presl Tissue Culture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yuwei","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xumeng","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haonan","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Colleges of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"829","article-title":"Breeding progress of water lilies in China","volume":"20","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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