{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T21:21:36Z","timestamp":1792531296024,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-137\/2025-03\/200125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-137\/2025-03\/200125"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-136\/2025-03\/200125"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr. has been valued since the 15th century across Europe, including the Balkan region, for its medicinal and traditional uses such as tinder production, spiritual practices, wound healing, and hemostasis. This study analyzes three Balkan strains, focusing on micro- and macroelements, polyamines (PAs), and phenolic compounds in hot water (H2O), chloroform (CHCl3), hydroethanolic (EtOH), and hydromethanolic (MeOH) extracts. Micro- and macroelements were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), while PAs were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD). Phenolic profiles were determined using liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (LC-MS\/MS), with total phenolic content (TPC) assessed using the Folin\u2013Ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated via DPPH, ABTS, NO scavenging, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and FRAP assays, alongside anti-acetylcholinesterase and antiproliferative activity assessments. This study represents the first investigation of PA profiles in F. fomentarius, with total PA levels ranging from 32.67 to 2910.09 nmol\/g dry weight (d.w.). The Bosnian strain exhibited the highest PA levels, with spermidine (SPD) concentrations ranging from 899.96 to 2910.09 nmol\/g d.w. LC-MS\/MS analysis identified several bioactive phenolics, including amentoflavone, baicalein, chrysoeriol, esculetin, and scopoletin\u2014reported here for the first time in this fungus. The H2O and EtOH extracts from the Croatian and Serbian strains showed higher TPC levels, correlating with notable antioxidant activity. The EtOH and MeOH extracts demonstrated significant anti-acetylcholinesterase and antiproliferative activities, emphasizing their medicinal potential. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of polar extracts from Balkan F. fomentarius.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13061210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T03:34:46Z","timestamp":1748316886000},"page":"1210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Bioactive Potential of Balkan Fomes fomentarius Strains: Novel Insights into Comparative Mycochemical Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Acetylcholinesterase, and Antiproliferative Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4020-4185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena","family":"Ra\u0161eta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0171-6150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marko","family":"Kebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environmental Protection, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diandra","family":"Pinta\u0107 \u0160arac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9717-9259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jovana","family":"Mi\u0161kovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ProFungi Laboratory, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanja","family":"Bere\u017eni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1gnes Erika","family":"Kulm\u00e1ny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3243-5300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Istv\u00e1n","family":"Zupk\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8788-9206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Karaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ProFungi Laboratory, Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4579-5762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzana","family":"Jovanovi\u0107-\u0160anta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gafforov, Y., Ra\u0161eta, M., Rapior, S., Yarasheva, M., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Wan-Mohtar, W.A.A.Q.I., Zafar, M., Lim, Y.W., and Wang, M. 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