{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:41:48Z","timestamp":1792806108665,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":157,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"One Health Interdisciplinary Research Project, Ningbo University","award":["HY202411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HY202411"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03et85d35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"One Health Interdisciplinary Research Project, Ningbo University","award":["D16013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D16013"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03et85d35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"One Health Interdisciplinary Research Project, Ningbo University","award":["H2024000276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2024000276"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03et85d35","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013314","name":"National 111 Project of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HY202411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HY202411"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013314","name":"National 111 Project of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D16013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D16013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013314","name":"National 111 Project of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H2024000276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2024000276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Health Fund of Translational Biomedicine","award":["HY202411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HY202411"]}]},{"name":"Health Fund of Translational Biomedicine","award":["D16013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D16013"]}]},{"name":"Health Fund of Translational Biomedicine","award":["H2024000276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2024000276"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder in the aging population, remains without definitive therapeutic solutions. Emerging insights into the gut microbiota (GM) and its bidirectional communication with the central nervous system(CNS) through the microbiota\u2013gut\u2013brain axis (MGBA) have unveiled potential correlative mechanisms that may contribute to AD pathogenesis, though causal evidence remains limited. Dysregulation of GM composition (dysbiosis) exacerbates AD progression via neuroinflammation, amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) deposition, and tau hyperphosphorylation (p-tau), while restoring microbial homeostasis presents a promising therapeutic strategy. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), a technique to reconstitute gut ecology by transferring processed fecal matter from healthy donors, has demonstrated efficacy in ameliorating cognitive deficits and neuropathology in AD animal models. Preclinical studies reveal that FMT reduces A\u03b2 plaques, normalizes tau phosphorylation, suppresses inflammasome activation, and restores microglial homeostasis through modulation of microbial metabolites and immune pathways. Although clinical evidence remains limited to case reports and small-scale trials showing potential therapeutic effect, safety concerns regarding long-term effects and protocol standardization necessitate further investigation. This review synthesizes current knowledge on GM\u2013AD interactions, evaluates FMT\u2019s mechanistic potential, and discusses challenges in translating this ancient practice into a cutting-edge AD therapy. Rigorous randomized controlled trials and personalized microbiota-based interventions are imperative to advance FMT from bench to bedside.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13081956","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T14:46:04Z","timestamp":1755787564000},"page":"1956","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Mechanistic Insights Through the Microbiota\u2013Gut\u2013Brain Axis and Therapeutic Prospects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9809-9384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qinwen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2532-7897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hang","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5297-8965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunlan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Patterson, C. 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