{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:25:26Z","timestamp":1790749526443,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["302326\/2023-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["302326\/2023-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Surgical site infections in oral and maxillofacial interventions are often exacerbated by biofilm formation, and current antimicrobial treatments are hampered by issues such as resistance and adverse effects. This article aimed to develop, characterize, and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Lippia sidoides Cham. essential oil (LSEO) gel composed of poloxamer (P) and chitosan (C). Gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified thymol as the major component of LSEO (71.04%). In situ P-gels containing LSEO (0.25\u20131.0%) were produced with and without C. The addition of C resulted in gels with nanometric particle sizes (263.8 \u00b1 231 nm; PDI 0.39 \u00b1 0.17) and a positive zeta potential (+4.81 \u00b1 1.97 a + 8.19 \u00b1 0.51 mV), exhibiting pseudoplastic behavior in rheological analysis. The sol\u2013gel transition temperature (Tsol\u2013gel) was found to be between 20 and 28 \u00b0C, with a transition time at 37 \u00b0C ranging from 18.76 \u00b1 1.24 s to 46.46 \u00b1 8.89 s. LSEO showed MIC values of 256, 128, and 128 \u00b5g\/mL against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans, respectively, while in situ LSEO gels presented MIC values above 5 \u00b5g\/mL for all tested strains. Therefore, the developed gel containing LSEO showed promising application in dentistry, offering a potential new treatment perspective for surgical site infections in oral and maxillofacial surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13112585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T09:59:09Z","timestamp":1763027949000},"page":"2585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["In Situ Gel Containing Lippia\u00a0sidoides Cham. Essential Oil for Microbial Control in the Oral Cavity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Maria Vitoria Oliveira","family":"Dantas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quemuel Pereira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre Almeida","family":"J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Vitor Souto Ara\u00fajo","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering Department, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3916-6214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Filipe Bacalhau","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering Department, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosana Ara\u00fajo","family":"Rosendo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos 58708-110, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus Vinicius Lia","family":"Fook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering Department, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande 58429-000, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4449-4343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Rog\u00e9rio Ferreti","family":"Bonan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8238-3380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Humberto Xavier","family":"J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (BioTecFarm), Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio Correia","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2464-4","article-title":"Clinical Efficacy of New \u03b1-Bisabolol Mouthwashes in Postoperative Complications of Maxillofacial Surgeries: A Randomized, Controlled, Triple-Blind Clinical Trial","volume":"23","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. 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