{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T05:15:41Z","timestamp":1791522941475,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Competitive Public-Interest Project of Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Program","award":["2023R1103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023R1103"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to acquire endospore-former(s) for aquatic animal feed based on the probiotic potential in vitro, including the anti-pathogen spectrum, gastrointestinal fluid tolerance, antioxidant activity, enzyme-producing ability, and basic safety assessment. The strain Bacillus velezensis FJAT-57093 was found to exhibit the strongest antibacterial ability against Aeromonas hydrophila in the agar well diffusion inhibition assays from 111 Bacillus-like strains. Moreover, the results showed that the compounds of the strain FJAT-57093 enriched by acid precipitation might be the main antibacterial metabolites. The strain FJAT-57093 also exhibited antibacterial effects against the aquatic pathogens Photobacterium damselae, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus. The safety assessment revealed that the strain FJAT-57093 was non-hemolytic and susceptible to ten antibiotics. The putative virulence and antibiotic resistance genes predicted were predominantly intrinsic to the FJAT-57093 genome. Furthermore, the strain FJAT-57093 demonstrated a tolerance of acid and bile salt under the simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions, extracellular enzyme-producing abilities, as well as an auto-aggregation rate of 45.88% at 24 h and co-aggregation rates with the aforementioned five aquatic pathogens, ranging from 14.87% to 58.55%. Additionally, its extracellular metabolites displayed strong antioxidant activities, with ABTS+ and DPPH radical scavenging rates of up to 99.82% and 42.74%, respectively. In summary, the strain B. velezensis FJAT-57093 was found to possess strong antibacterial activities against multiple aquatic pathogens and desirable in vitro probiotic properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14010041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T11:22:14Z","timestamp":1766575334000},"page":"41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Probiotic Properties In Vitro of Bacillus velezensis FJAT-57093 with Antibacterial Activity Against the Aquatic Pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yanping","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meichun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianglin","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jieping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03917-1","article-title":"Aquatic foods to nourish nations","volume":"598","author":"Golden","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiu, R., Li, J., Jiang, C., Yu, Y., Li, D.D., Xie, X.H., Lei, Y., and Yao, L.G. 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