{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T15:56:56Z","timestamp":1768665416542,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Develop-ment"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Raw meat-based diets (RMBDs) have become increasingly popular among pet owners, despite well-documented risks of contamination with pathogenic bacteria capable of causing severe illness in companion animals. This report describes a fatal case of botulism in a 3-year-old female Labrador Retriever weighing 37 kg that was fed exclusively RMBD. The dog presented with acute-onset flaccid paralysis of the limbs approximately 48 h after possible ingestion of decomposing raw meat discarded in household waste. Supportive therapy, including fluid administration, nutritional support and eventual mechanical ventilation was provided. However, the patient developed progressive respiratory failure and died. The presence of Clostridium botulinum type C neurotoxin was confirmed in the dog serum by neutralization test in mice. The case suggests RMBD as a potential source of botulism toxins, particularly when derived from improperly stored meat products. The findings underscore the importance of detailed dietary history in dogs presenting with acute flaccid paralysis and reinforce the need for heightened awareness regarding the microbiological risks associated with raw feeding practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14010192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T11:13:21Z","timestamp":1768475601000},"page":"192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Botulism in a Dog Fed a Raw Meat-Based Diet: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4641-6576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1via Mello","family":"Viegas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio MedVet, Belo Horizonte 31720200, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Poliane de F\u00e1tima","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio MedVet, Belo Horizonte 31720200, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina Carvalho Oliveira","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio MedVet, Belo Horizonte 31720200, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina Mendes Santiago","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio MedVet, Belo Horizonte 31720200, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra Oliveira","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio MedVet, Belo Horizonte 31720200, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara Berquo","family":"Cascaes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Veterin\u00e1rio MedVet, Belo Horizonte 31720200, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0902-0000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Victor Ferreira","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30720440, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0074-2488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Ot\u00e1vio Silveira","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30720440, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.104535","article-title":"Zoonotic bacteria and parasites found in raw meat-based diets for cats and dogs","volume":"182","author":"Bokken","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. 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