{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T06:52:10Z","timestamp":1787727130697,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015634","name":"Instituto Ant\u00e1rtico Chileno","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RT 33-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RT 33-18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015634","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015634","name":"Instituto Ant\u00e1rtico Chileno","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DG-08-23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DG-08-23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015634","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015634","name":"Instituto Ant\u00e1rtico Chileno","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RG-08-24"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG-08-24"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015634","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The emergence of drug-resistant Candida species has intensified efforts to discover novel bioactive compounds. Antarctic environments harbor psychrophilic microorganisms that produce unique secondary metabolites adapted to extreme conditions, making them valuable natural resources for drug discovery. During the 2020 Antarctic Scientific Expedition, we collected 19 sediment samples from the South Shetland Islands and isolated 14 fungal strains belonging to Cladosporium, Oidiodendron, Penicillium, Pseudeurotium, and Pseudogymnoascus genera. Total organic extracts obtained from 21-day cultures were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against pathogenic yeasts and bacteria. Oidiodendron sp. (ECA57-20) and Pseudogymnoascus sp. (ECA57-61) demonstrated strong anti-Candida activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 7.81 to 62.5 \u00b5g\/mL against C. albicans, Pichia kudriavzevii (C. krusei), C. tropicalis, Nakaseomyces glabratus (C. glabrata), and Clavispora lusitaniae (C. lusitaniae). GC-MS (gas chromatography mass spectrometry) metabolomic profiling suggests a broad diversity of secondary metabolites across active strains, which may contribute to the observed biological activities. These findings support the potential of Antarctic fungi as sources of alternative antifungal agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14030617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T08:43:31Z","timestamp":1773132211000},"page":"617","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antarctic Fungi as a Source of Alternative Antifungal Compounds: Bioactive Metabolites from South Shetland Islands Fungi with Activity Against Candida Species"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Nicole","family":"Cortez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Center CEBIM, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2913-1765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Javid","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Center CEBIM, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9066-1763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Villegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y Qu\u00edmicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Rudecindo Ortega, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6978-581X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime R.","family":"Cabrera-Pardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Qu\u00edmica Aplicada y Sustentable (LabQAS), Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad del B\u00edo-B\u00edo, Avenida Collao 1202, Concepci\u00f3n 4051381, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Burgos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigisfredo","family":"Garnica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Micolog\u00eda, Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica y Microbiolog\u00eda, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3305-8741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Zuern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Micolog\u00eda, Instituto de Bioqu\u00edmica y Microbiolog\u00eda, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Ortega-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Tecnolog\u00eda M\u00e9dica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Lago Panguipulli 1390, Puerto Montt 5501842, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4668-4984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Center CEBIM, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107686","article-title":"The strategies and techniques of drug discovery from natural products","volume":"216","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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