{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T18:14:52Z","timestamp":1791051292247,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":214,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81970943"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81970943"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), a keystone pathogen in periodontitis, has been increasingly implicated in compromising hepatic health and exacerbating the pathogenesis of liver diseases, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Current studies have identified three well-established pathways through which periodontitis contributes to chronic liver disease progression: systemic inflammatory responses, liver cells dysfunction, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. This review systematically elucidates the associations between periodontitis and chronic liver disorders, consolidates evidence on the canonical molecular mechanisms involved, and further proposes potential yet understudied pathways such as ferroptosis, immune evasion, and endothelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EndMT). By integrating these insights, this work aims to provide novel perspectives for mitigating the systemic adverse effects of periodontitis while offering a theoretical foundation for future research and clinical therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14040736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T15:10:24Z","timestamp":1774537824000},"page":"736","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Periodontitis\u00a0and Chronic Liver Disease: Mechanistic Insights Focusing on Porphyromonas gingivalis\u2014A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Ying","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuwei","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meixian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aijia","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7011-0844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junchao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6180-0253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongmei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12629","article-title":"Serum cytokines in periodontal diseases","volume":"98","author":"Ahmad","year":"2025","journal-title":"Periodontology 2000"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13395","article-title":"Periodontal disease and emotional disorders: A meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Zheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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