{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:45:30Z","timestamp":1785422730171,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015\/20535-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015\/20535-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["2015\/20535-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015\/20535-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ddkpn78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Periodontal status has been associated with infection in lung diseases such as chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD). However, evidence regarding its association with bronchiectasis remains limited, despite the shared clinical and pathophysiological characteristics between the two conditions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether periodontal treatment affects not only the microbiota of saliva but also that of sputum and nasal secretions in individuals with bronchiectasis. This single-center, parallel-group randomized controlled clinical trial included forty-nine individuals with bronchiectasis, who were randomly allocated using a predefined randomization sequence with allocation concealment to a conventional group (n = 26) submitted to mechanical periodontal treatment plus oral hygiene and a control group (n = 23) submitted to oral hygiene alone. Due to the nature of the intervention, participants and operators were not blinded. At the end of the study, all participants received periodontal treatment. The primary outcome was the quantitative assessment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in sputum. Secondary outcomes included the quantification of these microorganisms in saliva and nasal secretions, as well as clinical periodontal parameters and quality-of-life assessment. All variables were evaluated at baseline and three months after treatment. Results: Periodontal treatment improved gingival and plaque indices in the conventional group compared with the control group. However, no significant differences were observed in sputum samples for any of the microorganisms analyzed, suggesting no measurable effect on bacterial levels in the lower airways within the study period. At the end of the experimental period, levels of P. aeruginosa and P. gingivalis decreased in nasal secretions, and levels of P. aeruginosa decreased in saliva in the conventional group but not the control group. No significant differences were found in S. aureus levels between groups or overtime. Also, no significant differences in total OHIP-14 scores were observed between groups. In conclusion, periodontal treatment was associated with reductions in P. aeruginosa in nasal secretions and saliva, and P. gingivalis in nasal secretions, in individuals with bronchiectasis and periodontitis. Periodontal treatment improved gingival and plaque indices in the conventional group compared with the control group. However, no significant differences were observed in sputum samples for any of the microorganisms analyzed, suggesting no measurable effect on bacterial levels in the lower airways within the study period. At the end of the experimental period, levels of P. aeruginosa and P. gingivalis decreased in nasal secretions, and levels of P. aeruginosa decreased in saliva in the conventional group but not the control group. No significant differences were found in S. aureus levels between groups or overtime. Also, no significant differences in total OHIP-14 scores were observed between groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14051047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T08:01:39Z","timestamp":1778140899000},"page":"1047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microbiological Analysis Following Periodontal Treatment in Individuals with Bronchiectasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Andreia La","family":"Selva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics-Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S\u00e3o Paulo 01504-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen Sayuri","family":"Ando-Suguimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics-Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S\u00e3o Paulo 01504-001, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3792-4251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula Mariano Santos","family":"Ginez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics-Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S\u00e3o Paulo 01504-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania Oppido","family":"Schalch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics-Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S\u00e3o Paulo 01504-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1042-8313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata Matalon","family":"Negreiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics-Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S\u00e3o Paulo 01504-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6702-7000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dione","family":"Kawamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliana Giovinazzo Anselmo","family":"Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics-Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S\u00e3o Paulo 01504-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscila Larcher","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics-Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S\u00e3o Paulo 01504-001, Brazil"},{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Aging Science, S\u00e3o Judas Tadeu University (USJT), S\u00e3o Paulo 05503-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9399-5275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Athanazio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary Department, Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 04023-062, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5910-8433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcia Pinto Alves","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3476-9064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini","family":"Horliana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics-Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S\u00e3o Paulo 01504-001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S162","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12946","article-title":"Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions","volume":"45","author":"Papapanou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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