{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T15:59:54Z","timestamp":1785427194412,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025YFD1800100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025YFD1800100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"CARS","award":["CARS36"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS36"]}]},{"name":"China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center","award":["DW2025004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DW2025004"]}]},{"award":["DW2025004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DW2025004"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0429d0v34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella, requires rapid, accurate, and sensitive diagnostic methods for effective prevention and control. This study presents the development of a fluorescence microsphere immunochromatographic assay (QDMs-ICA) for detecting anti-Brucella antibodies in bovine serum and milk. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the Brucella abortus strain A19 was immobilized on the nitrocellulose membrane (NC membrane) as the test line (T-line), while rabbit anti-SPG polyclonal antibody was applied as the control line (C-line). Recombinant streptococcal protein G conjugated with quantum dot microspheres (QDMs-SPG) served as the detection conjugate. After optimizing the preparation parameters of QDMs-ICA, the method demonstrated sensitivities of approximately 0.98 IU\/mL for bovine serum and 1.56 IU\/mL for milk. No cross-reactions were observed with antibody-positive sera from Coxiella burnetii, Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Chlamydia abortus, Bacillus anthracis, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Vibrio cholerae or Salmonella, indicating excellent specificity. In intra- and inter-batch repeatability tests, the coefficient of variation (CV) remained below 15%, confirming good reproducibility. The detection limit remained stable after storage at 37 \u00b0C for 7 days. Parallel testing of 150 bovine serum samples and 80 milk samples showed a high degree of concordance with the ID-VET commercial kit, with coincidence rates of 97.3% and 96.3%, respectively. These results demonstrate that QDMs-ICA offers high specificity, sensitivity, repeatability, and reliability, making it an effective tool for the rapid detection and epidemiological monitoring of brucellosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14051057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T20:14:16Z","timestamp":1778530456000},"page":"1057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Detection of Bovine Brucellosis Antibodies in Serum and Milk Using Quantum Dot Microspheres Immunochromatographic Assay"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mingze","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"},{"name":"College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Prevention and Control (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jialu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Husbandry and Fishery Development Service Center, The 12th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Urumqi 830088, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingjun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixing","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shufang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuming","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yanbian Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Yanji 133000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peipei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shixiong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haobo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4039-9143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mengda","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangxiang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biosafety Risk Prevention and Control (South), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxu","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenlong","family":"Nan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WOAH (World Organisation for Animal Health) (2025, October 01). 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