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Synbiotics, defined as a combination of probiotics and prebiotics, may enhance these beneficial effects; however, their efficacy depends on maintaining microbial viability throughout gastrointestinal transit. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Levilactobacillus brevis LBH1070. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei ATCC 334 and phenylbutazone (PBZ) were used as probiotic and allopathic drug controls, respectively. Both probiotic strains significantly reduced paw edema by 46%, comparable to PBZ (45%), and decreased lipid oxidation (33\u201336%) and protein oxidation (40\u201345%), thereby preserving the integrity of the popliteal lymph node, the lymph node closest to the edema site. Furthermore, L. paracasei ATCC 334 and L. brevis LBH1070 reduced total T helper CD4+ lymphocyte infiltration in the popliteal lymph node by 44\u201354% and decreased IL-1\u03b2-producing T helper lymphocytes by 77\u201378%, surpassing the effect of PBZ (49%). TNF-\u03b1-producing T lymphocytes were also reduced by 60\u201362%, compared to PBZ (53%). These findings highlight the potential of L. brevis LBH1070, its synbiotic formulation, and L. paracasei ATCC 334 as complementary treatments to modulate immune responses and oxidative stress during arthritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14071473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T08:05:38Z","timestamp":1783325138000},"page":"1473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Levilactobacillus brevis LBH1070 and Its Synbiotic in a Murine Model of Experimental Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8041-4462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morayma","family":"Ram\u00edrez-Dami\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Profesional Adolfo L\u00f3pez Mateos, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcald\u00eda Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07738, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2691-9405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia","family":"Garfias-Noguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Profesional Adolfo L\u00f3pez Mateos, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcald\u00eda Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07738, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia Albany","family":"Res\u00e9ndiz-Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Profesional Adolfo L\u00f3pez Mateos, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcald\u00eda Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07738, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0441-9891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda de Jes\u00fas","family":"Perea-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Profesional Adolfo L\u00f3pez Mateos, Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnolog\u00edas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Zacatenco, Av. Luis Enrique Erro s\/n, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcald\u00eda Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07738, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flor Nohem\u00ed","family":"Rivera-Ordu\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Profesional Adolfo L\u00f3pez Mateos, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Col. Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Alcald\u00eda Gustavo A. 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