{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T19:02:31Z","timestamp":1785438151653,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32260895"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32260895"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["32260895"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32260895"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009967","name":"Science and Technology Program of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024DA049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024DA049"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009967","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["2024DA049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024DA049"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03hcmxw73","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004317","name":"High-Level Talent Research Launch Project of Shihezi University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RCZK202042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCZK202042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004317","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["RCZK202042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCZK202042"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04x0kvm78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) causes severe infections in humans and animals, yet bovine isolates remain poorly characterized. Here, we report the first complete genome of a bovine ExPEC strain, BN01 (serotype O101:H9-ST10-phylogroup A), isolated from calf meningoencephalitis. Unlike classical ExPEC that typically belong to B2\/D phylogroups and O1\/O2\/O18 serotypes, BN01 represents the A-ST10-O101 sublineage that has emerged as predominant among bovine ExPEC populations. The genome comprises a chromosome encoding 197 virulence factors, with cdiA uniquely identified in BN01 compared to six other representative ExPEC genomes\u2014a contact-dependent growth inhibition system, and three distinct plasmids: a conjugative ESBL carrier (blaCTX-M-164, IncI1), a bovine-associated multidrug resistance island (IncY), and a mobilization-ready vector (IncFII). Animal virulence assays demonstrated that intraperitoneal challenge with E. coli BN01 caused 80% mortality (8\/10 mice) within the observation period and yielded an LD50 of 106.3 CFU\/mouse. These findings demonstrate that high-risk ExPEC can occur in phylogroups typically associated with commensal strains, expanding the conventional understanding of phylogroup\u2013virulence associations. They highlight the need to assess the zoonotic potential of livestock-associated atypical lineages and support integrated genomic surveillance under the One Health framework.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14071586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T08:14:27Z","timestamp":1784621667000},"page":"1586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High-Risk ExPEC from Commensal Phylogroup A: Genomic Characterization of a Bovine Meningoencephalitis Isolate, BN01"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenliang","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Work Station, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yayin","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongdong","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis and Testing Center, Xinjiang Academy of Agriculture and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9422-9807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenli","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riley, L.W. 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