{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T13:30:16Z","timestamp":1787232616539,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21-64-00019-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-64-00019-P"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["21-64-00019-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-64-00019-P"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03y2gwe85","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In 2024, an accident involving two tankers in the Kerch Strait resulted in the release of approximately 2400 tons of fuel oil into the Black Sea, causing significant contamination of seawater and the coastal zone. This study presents the first microbiological and molecular\u2013ecological assessment of prokaryotic community composition and hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria (HOB) in coastal seawater and sand near Anapa (Russian Federation) following the spill. The taxonomic composition of nine samples was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes (V3\u2013V4 regions), identifying Bacteria as the dominant domain (85.3\u201399.8%). In seawater samples, bacteria of the phyla Pseudomonadota, Cyanobacteriota, and Bacteroidota and archaea of the phyla Thermoplasmatota and Crenarchaeota predominated. Eighteen aerobic bacterial strains, including members of the genera Shewanella, Pseudoalteromonas, Halopseudomonas, Marinomonas, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Alcanivorax, Ectopseudomonas, Nitratireductor, and Echinicola, were isolated from the zone of fuel oil spill. Several isolates demonstrated heavy oil degradation and biosurfactant production. Screening of collection strains isolated from other habitats revealed that Rhodococcus erythropolis TG65 and Marinobacter lutaoensis Pd1 and Pd2 degraded 92\u201394% of fuel oil n-alkanes. Elevated dissolved iron concentrations in the seawater indicate the possibility of a metabolic coupling between hydrocarbon oxidation and microbial iron reduction, mediated by indigenous Shewanella and Pseudomonas species. These findings indicate that indigenous HOB may contribute to the natural attenuation of aliphatic hydrocarbons in fuel oil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14081856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T12:57:53Z","timestamp":1787230673000},"page":"1856","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microbial Diversity and Hydrocarbon-Oxidizing Bacteria in Coastal Waters and Sands Contaminated by the Fuel Oil Spill in the Black Sea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ekaterina M.","family":"Semenova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2936-4265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexey P.","family":"Ershov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7638-4325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara L.","family":"Babich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2422-4423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diyana S.","family":"Sokolova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5204-007X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nataliya G.","family":"Loiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena A.","family":"Bakay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4427-3196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina S.","family":"Kazak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Geology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6586-2467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara N.","family":"Nazina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-021-00881-4","article-title":"Cryptic microbial hydrocarbon cycling","volume":"6","author":"McGenity","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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