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Vibrio pathogens are responsible for substantial economic losses, environmental instability, and foodborne infections in humans through contaminated seafood and water. However, the molecular determinants remain incompletely understood, commanding the Vibrio-phage host specificity, host range, and resistance evolution. This review highlights the comprehensive overview of structural, and functional framework of Vibrio surface receptors responsible for phage recognition, including outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), porins, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), capsular polysaccharides (CPS), flagella, and pili along with specialized bacteriophage tail spike proteins known as receptor-binding proteins (RBPs). We also explored the mechanisms against phage-mediated lysis, including receptor modification, intracellular defense systems, physiological remodeling, and structural adaptations that regulate burst size, lysis timing, and resistance evolution with emphasis on significant progress in phage biology and therapeutic development. It is critical to grasp the molecular-level interaction mechanisms due to limited marine phage ecological data, lack of standardized resistance databases, and regulatory constraints. Future perspectives emphasize the engineered phages, multi-omics integration, and artificial intelligence-driven phage design for the sustainable management of Vibriosis and improved aquaculture biosecurity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms14091934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T15:08:43Z","timestamp":1788275323000},"page":"1934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Structural Receptors and Host Adaptations Affecting the Bacteriophage Targeting of Vibrio Pathogens"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7270-1358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muqadas","family":"Altaf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology, Research Center of Marine Food, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China"},{"name":"Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8975-5984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waseem","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Inorganic, Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9370-2452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijia","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology, Research Center of Marine Food, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haroon","family":"Munir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9710-0101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afifa","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology, Research Center of Marine Food, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Bilal","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6503-359X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qingping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5406-2894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravi","family":"Gooneratne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanches-Fernandes, G.M.M., S\u00e1-Correia, I., and Costa, R. 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