{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:40:12Z","timestamp":1789180812376,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]],"date-time":"2015-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Fund of Luxembourg","award":["EXT-BFR-05-085, FNR-08-AM2c-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EXT-BFR-05-085, FNR-08-AM2c-21"]}]},{"name":"EC2CO INSU program of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)","award":["HALOGEN1Cs"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HALOGEN1Cs"]}]},{"name":"REALISE","award":["CPER Equipment"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPER Equipment"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The prokaryotic community of a groundwater aquifer exposed to high concentrations of tetrachloromethane (CCl4) for more than three decades was followed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) during pump-and-treat remediation at the contamination source. Bacterial enrichments and isolates were obtained under selective anoxic conditions, and degraded 10 mg\u00b7L\u22121 CCl4, with less than 10% transient formation of chloroform. Dichloromethane and chloromethane were not detected. Several tetrachloromethane-degrading strains were isolated from these enrichments, including bacteria from the Klebsiella and Clostridium genera closely related to previously described CCl4 degrading bacteria, and strain TM1, assigned to the genus Pelosinus, for which this property was not yet described. Pelosinus sp. TM1, an oxygen-tolerant,  Gram-positive bacterium with strictly anaerobic metabolism, excreted a thermostable metabolite into the culture medium that allowed extracellular CCl4 transformation. As estimated by T-RFLP, phylotypes of CCl4-degrading enrichment cultures represented less than 7%, and archaeal and Pelosinus strains less than 0.5% of the total prokaryotic groundwater community.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms3030327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,3]],"date-time":"2015-07-03T12:24:56Z","timestamp":1435926296000},"page":"327-343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Tetrachloromethane-Degrading Bacterial Enrichment Cultures and Isolates from a Contaminated Aquifer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Penny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mol\u00e9culaire, G\u00e9nomique, Microbiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg,  UMR 7156 UNISTRA-CNRS, 28 rue Goethe, 67083 Strasbourg, France"},{"name":"Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362 Esch\/Alzette, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Gruffaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mol\u00e9culaire, G\u00e9nomique, Microbiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg,  UMR 7156 UNISTRA-CNRS, 28 rue Goethe, 67083 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Nadalig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mol\u00e9culaire, G\u00e9nomique, Microbiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg,  UMR 7156 UNISTRA-CNRS, 28 rue Goethe, 67083 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry-Michel","family":"Cauchie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362 Esch\/Alzette, Luxembourg"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Vuilleumier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mol\u00e9culaire, G\u00e9nomique, Microbiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg,  UMR 7156 UNISTRA-CNRS, 28 rue Goethe, 67083 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise","family":"Bringel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mol\u00e9culaire, G\u00e9nomique, Microbiologie, Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg,  UMR 7156 UNISTRA-CNRS, 28 rue Goethe, 67083 Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1006\/enfo.2000.0010","article-title":"A history of the production and use of carbon tetrachloride, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane in the united states: Part 1\u2014Historical background; carbon tetrachloride and tetrachloroethylene","volume":"1","author":"Doherty","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. 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