{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T08:42:18Z","timestamp":1780476138822,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]],"date-time":"2019-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003758","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico do Maranh\u00e3o","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01278\/17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01278\/17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003758","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Staphylococcus aureus is a notorious human pathogen associated with serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections, such as pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, and sepsis, among others. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular profile, antimicrobial resistance, and clonal diversity of S. aureus isolated from the bloodstream. The determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the antimicrobial was performed by an automated method. The presence of several virulence and resistance genes was evaluated by PCR. In addition, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to analyze the clonal diversity of S. aureus. A high resistance to oxacillin (78%), clindamycin (78%), erythromycin (70%), ciprofloxacin (61%), and gentamicin (52%) was observed among the isolates. In most of them, the following virulence genes were detected: hlb (83%), ebpS (61%), icaA (57%), fnbpA (17%), and clfA (13%). Only one isolate carried the pvl gene. MLST analysis identified five new sequence types (STs): 5429, 5430, 5431, 5432, and 5433, as well as another seven\u2014ST5, ST97, ST398, ST101, ST30, ST461, and ST2779\u2014among the remaining strains. These seven STs and the four new STs are clustered in four clonal complexes: CC1, CC2, CC7, and CC17. Phylogenetic analysis showed the genetic relationship of the five new ST strains with another 18 strains. Altogether, these analyses indicate the horizontal transfer acquisition of virulence factor genes and multidrug resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7070210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]],"date-time":"2019-07-22T11:07:28Z","timestamp":1563793648000},"page":"210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Phylogenetic and Molecular Profile of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bloodstream Infections in Northeast Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Andrea de S.","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Ceuma, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65075-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna L. S.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Ceuma, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65075-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joveliane de M.","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Ceuma, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65075-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00f4mulo M.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Ceuma, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65075-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia C. S.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Cedro, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65020-570, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3794-2440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Y.","family":"Bando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (FMUSP), S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirlei G.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio Cedro, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65020-570, Brazil"},{"name":"Hospital Universit\u00e1rio da Universidade Federal do Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65020-070, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4206-0904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds C. N.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Ceuma, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65075-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wallace R. Nunes","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Ceuma, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65075-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella F.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares 35010-177, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Rosa Q.","family":"Bomfim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Ceuma, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65075-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1665-0879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afonso G.","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade Ceuma, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65075-120, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, Universidade Federal do Maranh\u00e3o, S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds 65080-805, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000330","article-title":"Empiric antibiotic treatment reduces mortality in severe sepsis and septic shock from the first hour: Results from a guideline-based performance improvement program","volume":"42","author":"Ferrer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. 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