{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T20:35:16Z","timestamp":1790714116243,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The evolution of multidrug resistant bacteria to the most diverse antimicrobials known so far pose a serious problem to global public health. Currently, microorganisms that develop resistant phenotypes to multiple drugs are associated with high morbidity and mortality. This resistance is encoded by a group of genes termed \u2018bacterial resistome\u2019, divided in intrinsic and extrinsic resistome. The first one refers to the resistance displayed on an organism without previous exposure to an antibiotic not involving horizontal genetic transfer, and it can be acquired via mutations. The latter, on the contrary, is acquired exclusively via horizontal genetic transfer involving mobile genetic elements that constitute the \u2018bacterial mobilome\u2019. This transfer is mediated by three different mechanisms: transduction, transformation, and conjugation. Recently, a problem of public health due to implications in the emergence of multi-drug resistance in Aeromonas spp. strains in water environments has been described. This is derived from the genetic material transfer via conjugation events. This is important, since bacteria that have acquired antibiotic resistance in natural environments can cause infections derived from their ingestion or direct contact with open wounds or mucosal tissue, which in turn, by their resistant nature, makes their eradication complex. Implications of the emergence of resistance in Aeromonas spp. by horizontal gene transfer on public health are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7090363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T11:01:15Z","timestamp":1568804475000},"page":"363","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":181,"title":["Horizontal Gene Transfer and Its Association with Antibiotic Resistance in the Genus Aeromonas spp."],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9957-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. Manuel","family":"Bello-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital Ju\u00e1rez de M\u00e9xico, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional 5160, Magdalena de las Salinas, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico 07360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar A.","family":"Cabrero-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Casco de Santo Tom\u00e1s, Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7969-0942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Cervantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital Ju\u00e1rez de M\u00e9xico, Av. Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional 5160, Magdalena de las Salinas, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico 07360, Mexico"},{"name":"Secci\u00f3n de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigaci\u00f3n, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Salvador D\u00edaz Mir\u00f3n, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5474-7642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Bioqu\u00edmica Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Casco de Santo Tom\u00e1s, Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leda I.","family":"Pelcastre-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Casco de Santo Tom\u00e1s, Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2135-6538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis U.","family":"Gonzalez-Avila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Casco de Santo Tom\u00e1s, Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7496-8247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graciela","family":"Castro-Escarpulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica y Ambiental, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Carpio y Plan de Ayala, Col. Casco de Santo Tom\u00e1s, Mexico 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Do, T.T., Murphy, S., and Walsh, F. (2017). Antibiotic Resistance and Wastewater Treatment Process. Antimicrob. Resist. Wastewater Treat. 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