{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T03:08:59Z","timestamp":1791860939773,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria represent a promising solution to enhancing agricultural productivity. Here, we screened phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the rhizospheric soil of Chenopodium quinoa Willd and assessed their plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) properties including production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), siderophores, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), ammonia and extracellular enzymes. We also investigated their tolerance to salt stress and their capacity to form biofilms. Two isolated strains, named QA1 and QF11, solubilized phosphate up to 346 mg\/L, produced IAA up to 795.31 \u00b5g\/mL, and tolerated up to 2 M NaCl in vitro. 16S rRNA and Cpn60 gene sequencing revealed that QA1 and QF11 belong to the genus Bacillus licheniformis and Enterobacter asburiae, respectively. In vivo, early plant growth potential showed that quinoa seeds inoculated either with QA1 or QF11 displayed higher germination rates and increased seedling growth. Under saline irrigation conditions, QA1 enhanced plant development\/growth. Inoculation with QA1 increased leaf chlorophyll content index, enhanced P and K+ uptake and decreased plant Na+ uptake. Likewise, plants inoculated with QF11 strain accumulated more K+ and had reduced Na+ content. Collectively, our findings support the use of QA1 and QF11 as potential biofertilizers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8060948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T08:54:50Z","timestamp":1592988890000},"page":"948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Plant Growth Enhancement using Rhizospheric Halotolerant Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterium Bacillus licheniformis QA1 and Enterobacter asburiae QF11 Isolated from Chenopodium quinoa Willd"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9057-941X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ismail","family":"Mahdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Application Interface Center (CIAM), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Bengu\u00e9rir, Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8640-6113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nidal","family":"Fahsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Application Interface Center (CIAM), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Bengu\u00e9rir, Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Genetic, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, 14000 K\u00e9nitra, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Hafidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences and Environment (BioMAgE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco"},{"name":"Microbiome Team and African genome center (AGC), AgrobioSciences department (AgBS), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Bengu\u00e9rir, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelmounaaim","family":"Allaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiome Team and African genome center (AGC), AgrobioSciences department (AgBS), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Bengu\u00e9rir, Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, CIPEM (Coalition Center, for Innovation, and Prevention of Epidemies in Morocco) Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Bengu\u00e9rir, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8842-0792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Latefa","family":"Biskri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Application Interface Center (CIAM), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Bengu\u00e9rir, Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, CIPEM (Coalition Center, for Innovation, and Prevention of Epidemies in Morocco) Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Bengu\u00e9rir, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00002","article-title":"Developmental peculiarities and seed-borne endophytes in quinoa: Omnipresent, robust bacilli contribute to plant fitness","volume":"7","author":"Pitzschke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. 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