{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T04:07:17Z","timestamp":1768277237277,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":93,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,18]],"date-time":"2020-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003669","name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017NER54070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017NER54070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to identify and characterize extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-and\/or plasmid-mediated AmpC \u03b2-lactamase (pAmpC)-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy broiler chickens slaughtered for human consumption in Korea. A total of 332 E. coli isolates were identified from 339 cloacal swabs in 2019. More than 90% of the isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials. ESBL\/pAmpC-production was noted in 14% (46\/332) of the isolates. Six of the CTX-M-\u03b2-lactamase-producing isolates were found to co-harbor at least one plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene. We observed the co-existence of blaCMY-2 and mcr-1 genes in the same isolate for the first time in Korea. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the majority of blaCMY-2-carrying isolates belonged to subgroup D. Conjugation confirmed the transferability of blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2 genes, as well as non-\u03b2-lactam resistance traits from 60.9% (28\/46) of the ESBL\/pAmpC-producing isolates to a recipient E. coli J53. The ISECP, IS903, and orf477 elements were detected in the upstream or downstream regions. The blaCTX-M and blaCMY-2 genes mainly belonged to the IncI1, IncHI2, and\/or IncFII plasmids. Additionally, the majority of ESBL\/pAmpC-producing isolates exhibited heterogeneous PFGE profiles. This study showed that healthy chickens act as reservoirs of ESBL\/pAmpC-producing E. coli that can potentially be transmitted to humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8091434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,18]],"date-time":"2020-09-18T10:22:23Z","timestamp":1600424543000},"page":"1434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Resistance Profiling and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum\/Plasmid-Mediated AmpC \u03b2-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Broiler Chickens in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hyun-Ju","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1244-201X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Chan","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abraham Fikru","family":"Mechesso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee Young","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mi Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hyun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su-Jeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0908-8785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soon-Seek","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suk-Kyung","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199008023230501","article-title":"The carriage of Escherichia coli resistant to antimicrobial agents by healthy children in Boston, in caracas, Venezuela, and in Qin Pu, China","volume":"323","author":"Lester","year":"1990","journal-title":"N. 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