{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T13:59:28Z","timestamp":1779890368131,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Center and the National Center for Research and Development","award":["TANGO2\/340018\/NCBR\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TANGO2\/340018\/NCBR\/2017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The physiological microbiota of the vagina is responsible for providing a protective barrier, but Some factors can disturb the balance in its composition. At that time, the amounts of the genus Lactobacillus decrease, which may lead to the development of infection and severe complications during pregnancy. The aim of the study was the analysis of the bacterial composition of the vagina in 32 Caucasian women at each trimester of pregnancy using the next-generation sequencing method and primers targeting V3-V4 regions. In the studied group, the dominant species were Lactobacillus iners, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Lactobacillusplantarum. Statistically significant differences in the quantitative composition between trimesters were observed in relation to Lactobacillus jensenii,Streptococcus agalactiae, Lactobacillus iners, Gardnerella spp. Out of the 32 patients, 20 demonstrated fluctuations within the genus Lactobacillus, and 9 of them, at different stages of pregnancy, exhibited the presence of potentially pathogenic microbiota, among others: Streptococcus agalactiae, Gardnerella spp., Atopobium vaginae, and Enterococcus faecalis. The composition of the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy was subject to partial changes over trimesters. Although in one-third of the studied patients, both the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota was relatively constant, in the remaining patients, physiological and potentially pathogenic fluctuations were distinguished.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8111813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T07:41:00Z","timestamp":1605685260000},"page":"1813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Next-Generation Sequencing as a Tool to Detect Vaginal Microbiota Disturbances during Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Sroka-Oleksiak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4725-5943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Gosiewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Pabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Gynecology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 23, 31-501 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5979-144X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur","family":"Gurgul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, R\u0119dzina 1c, 30-248 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4467-1175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Przemys\u0142aw","family":"Kapusta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7c, 31-034 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0548-4767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka H.","family":"Ludwig-S\u0142omczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7c, 31-034 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9322-5545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142 P.","family":"Wo\u0142kow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7c, 31-034 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Brzychczy-W\u0142och","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2012.02.008","article-title":"Understanding vaginal microbiome complexity from an ecological perspective","volume":"160","author":"Hickey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transl. 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