{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T09:33:38Z","timestamp":1792661618044,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008294","name":"Louisiana State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["n.a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n.a"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008294","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007637","name":"Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n (COLCIENCIAS)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["n.a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n.a"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007637","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anabaena sp. UTEX 2576 metabolizes multiple nitrogen (N) sources and is deemed a biotechnological platform for chemical production. Cyanobacteria have been identified as prolific producers of biofertilizers, biopolymers, biofuels, and other bioactive compounds. Here, we analyze the effect of different N-sources and Fe availability on the bioproduction of phycobiliproteins and \u03b2-carotene. We characterize nutrient demand in modified BG11 media, including data on CO2 fixation rates, N-source consumption, and mineral utilization (e.g., phosphorus (P), and 11 metallic elements). Results suggest that non-diazotrophic cultures grow up to 60% faster than diazotrophic cells, resulting in 20% higher CO2-fixation rates. While the production of \u03b2-carotene was maximum in medium with NaNO3, Fe starvation increased the cellular abundance of C-phycocyanin and allophycocyanin by at least 22%. Compared to cells metabolizing NaNO3 and N2, cultures adapted to urea media increased their P, calcium and manganese demands by at least 72%, 97% and 76%, respectively. Variations on pigmentation and nutrient uptake were attributed to changes in phycocyanobilin biosynthesis, light-induced oxidation of carotenoids, and urea-promoted peroxidation. This work presents insights into developing optimal Anabaena culture for efficient operations of bioproduction and wastewater bioremediation with cyanobacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9020431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T20:54:08Z","timestamp":1613768048000},"page":"431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Nitrogen Sources and Iron Availability Affect Pigment Biosynthesis and Nutrient Consumption in Anabaena sp. UTEX 2576"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5135-9230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Norena-Caro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, 3307 Patrick F. Taylor Hall, Louisiana State University and A&amp;M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, 3307 Patrick F. Taylor Hall, Louisiana State University and A&amp;M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Benton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cain Department of Chemical Engineering, 3307 Patrick F. Taylor Hall, Louisiana State University and A&amp;M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2015.03.009","article-title":"Metabolic Engineering of Cyanobacteria for the Synthesis of Commodity Products","volume":"33","author":"Angermayr","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Franc\u00e9s, E., and Escudero-O\u00f1ate, C. (2018). Cyanobacteria and Microalgae in the Production of Valuable Bioactive Compounds. 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