{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T21:29:59Z","timestamp":1789507799267,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant (project INTERFUTURE)","award":["722642"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["722642"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria, which can fix nitrogen, plays a vital role in plant growth promotion. Previous authors have evaluated the effect of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 inoculation on plants subjected to different sources of abiotic stress on an individual basis. The present study aimed to appraise the effect of G. diazotrophicus inoculation on the amelioration of the individual and combined effects of drought and nitrogen stress in maize plants (Zea mays L.). A pot experiment was conducted whereby treatments consisted of maize plants cultivated under drought stress, in soil with a low nitrogen concentration and these two stress sources combined, with and without G. diazotrophicus seed inoculation. The inoculated plants showed increased plant biomass, chlorophyll content, plant nitrogen uptake, and water use efficiency. A general increase in copy numbers of G. diazotrophicus, based on 16S rRNA gene quantification, was detected under combined moderate stress, in addition to an increase in the abundance of genes involved in N fixation (nifH). Endophytic colonization of bacteria was negatively affected by severe stress treatments. Overall, G. diazotrophicus Pal5 can be considered as an effective tool to increase maize crop production under drought conditions with low application of nitrogen fertilizer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9040870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T06:35:53Z","timestamp":1618814153000},"page":"870","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 Enhances Plant Robustness Status under the Combination of Moderate Drought and Low Nitrogen Stress in Zea mays L."],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2795-4985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Aammar","family":"Tufail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38123 Trento, Italy"},{"name":"e-nema Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Biotechnologie und Biologischen Pflanzenschutz mbH, Klausdorfer Str. 28-36, 24223 Schwentinental, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all\u2019Adige, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9728-7030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Touceda-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"e-nema Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Biotechnologie und Biologischen Pflanzenschutz mbH, Klausdorfer Str. 28-36, 24223 Schwentinental, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Pertot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all\u2019Adige, Italy"},{"name":"Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all\u2019Adige, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf-Udo","family":"Ehlers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"e-nema Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Biotechnologie und Biologischen Pflanzenschutz mbH, Klausdorfer Str. 28-36, 24223 Schwentinental, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agwat.2016.05.007","article-title":"Improving agricultural water productivity to ensure food security in China under changing environment: From research to practice","volume":"179","author":"Kang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Agric. 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