{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T08:20:04Z","timestamp":1782548404958,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006488","name":"Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["00002230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00002230"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006488","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"r\u00e9gion Val de Loire","award":["32000951"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32000951"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kinome from apicomplexan parasites is composed of eukaryotic protein kinases and Apicomplexa specific kinases, such as rhoptry kinases (ROPK). Ropk is a gene family that is known to play important roles in host\u2013pathogen interaction in Toxoplasma gondii but is still poorly described in Eimeria tenella, the parasite responsible for avian coccidiosis worldwide. In the E. tenella genome, 28 ropk genes are predicted and could be classified as active (n = 7), inactive (incomplete catalytic triad, n = 12), and non-canonical kinases (active kinase with a modified catalytic triad, n = 9). We characterized the ropk gene expression patterns by real-time quantitative RT-PCR, normalized by parasite housekeeping genes, during the E. tenella life-cycle. Analyzed stages were: non-sporulated oocysts, sporulated oocysts, extracellular and intracellular sporozoites, immature and mature schizonts I, first- and second-generation merozoites, and gametes. Transcription of all those predicted ropk was confirmed. The mean intensity of transcription was higher in extracellular stages and 7\u20139 ropk were specifically transcribed in merozoites in comparison with sporozoites. Transcriptional profiles of intracellular stages were closely related to each other, suggesting a probable common role of ROPKs in hijacking signaling pathways and immune responses in infected cells. These results provide a solid basis for future functional analysis of ROPK from E. tenella.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9081621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]],"date-time":"2021-07-29T21:21:21Z","timestamp":1627593681000},"page":"1621","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Genome-Wide Expression Patterns of Rhoptry Kinases during the Eimeria tenella Life-Cycle"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4242-5192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adeline","family":"Ribeiro E Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche pour L\u2019agriculture, L\u2019alimentation et L\u2019environnement (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 de Tours, ISP, 37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alix","family":"Sausset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche pour L\u2019agriculture, L\u2019alimentation et L\u2019environnement (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 de Tours, ISP, 37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7oise I.","family":"Bussi\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche pour L\u2019agriculture, L\u2019alimentation et L\u2019environnement (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 de Tours, ISP, 37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Laurent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche pour L\u2019agriculture, L\u2019alimentation et L\u2019environnement (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 de Tours, ISP, 37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7865-4587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Lacroix-Lamand\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche pour L\u2019agriculture, L\u2019alimentation et L\u2019environnement (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 de Tours, ISP, 37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6824-7868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Silvestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de Recherche pour L\u2019agriculture, L\u2019alimentation et L\u2019environnement (INRAE), Universit\u00e9 de Tours, ISP, 37380 Nouzilly, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06343-5","article-title":"Anticoccidial drugs of the livestock industry","volume":"118","author":"Noack","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasitol. 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