{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T07:12:48Z","timestamp":1781161968900,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,5]],"date-time":"2021-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/R017689\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/R017689\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Egyptian Ministry of Higher Education (Cultural Affairs and Missions Sector) and the Grant Office from the Medical School, Assiut University","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]},{"name":"Deputyship for Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important human pathogen in both developing and industrialised countries that can causes a variety of human infections, such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections and bacteremia. Like many Gram-negative bacteria, it is becoming resistant to many frontline antibiotics, such as carbapenem and cephalosporin antibiotics. In Egypt, K. pneumoniae is increasingly recognised as an emerging pathogen, with high levels of antibiotic resistance. However, few Egyptian K. pneumoniae strains have been sequenced and characterised. Hence, here, we present the genome sequence of a multidrug resistant K. pneumoniae strain, KPE16, which was isolated from a child in Assiut, Egypt. We report that it carries multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including a blaNDM-1 carbapenemase and extended spectrum \u03b2-lactamase genes (i.e., blaSHV-40, blaTEM-1B, blaOXA-9 and blaCTX-M-15). By comparing this strain with other Egyptian isolates, we identified common plasmids, resistance genes and virulence determinants. Our analysis suggests that some of the resistance plasmids that we have identified are circulating in K. pneumoniae strains in Egypt, and are likely a source of antibiotic resistance throughout the world.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9091880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T13:18:26Z","timestamp":1630934306000},"page":"1880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Antimicrobial Resistance and Comparative Genome Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated in Egypt"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Radwa","family":"Abdelwahab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut PO 7151, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Munirah M.","family":"Alhammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"},{"name":"Biology Department, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehsan A.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut PO 7151, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Entsar H.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut PO 7151, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagla H.","family":"Abu-Faddan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut PO 7151, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enas A.","family":"Daef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut PO 7151, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2148-1758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J. W.","family":"Busby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4672-3514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas F.","family":"Browning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"},{"name":"College of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00001-19","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00001-19","article-title":"Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"32","author":"Russo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. 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