{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T13:56:10Z","timestamp":1762005370645,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008751","name":"Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["43-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["43-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Horizon 2020","award":["773830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["773830"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Resistance of bacteria to 3rd generation cephalosporins mediated by beta-lactamases (ESBL, pAmpC) is a public health concern. In this study, 1517 phenotypically cephalosporin-resistant E. coli were screened for the presence of blaSHV genes. Respective genes were detected in 161 isolates. Majority (91%) were obtained from poultry production and meat. The SHV-12 beta-lactamase was the predominant variant (n = 155), while the remaining isolates exhibited SHV-2 (n = 4) or SHV-2a (n = 2). A subset of the isolates (n = 51) was further characterized by PCR, PFGE, or whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The SHV-12-producing isolates showed low phylogenetic relationships, and dissemination of the blaSHV-12 genes seemed to be mainly driven by horizontal gene transfer. In most of the isolates, blaSHV-12 was located on transferable IncX3 (~43 kb) or IncI1 (~100 kb) plasmids. On IncX3, blaSHV-12 was part of a Tn6 composite transposon located next to a Tn3 transposon, which harbored the fluoroquinolone resistance gene qnrS1. On IncI1 plasmids, blaSHV-12 was located on an incomplete class 1 integron as part of a Tn21 transposon. In conclusion, SHV-12 is widely distributed in German poultry production and spreads via horizontal gene transfer. Consumers are at risk by handling raw poultry meat and should take care in appropriate kitchen hygiene.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9091926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,12]],"date-time":"2021-09-12T21:45:57Z","timestamp":1631483157000},"page":"1926","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterization of E. coli Isolates Producing Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase SHV-Variants from the Food Chain in Germany"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1266-9978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Irrgang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung, BfR), D-10589 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ge","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Juraschek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung, BfR), D-10589 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2966-2713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annemarie","family":"Kaesbohrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung, BfR), D-10589 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6930-4358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens A.","family":"Hammerl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung, BfR), D-10589 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ECDC, EFSA, and EMA (2017). 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